This article reviews some trends in the sociotechnical development of urban spaces and controlled environments. It provides past and present examples of spatial, volumetric and symbolic constructions that have functioned to enclose or divide before describing a new context of markets that promise to provide habitats or settlements offering ‘environmental exemption’. In other words, this is the ability to pay for access to ‘clean’, ‘green’, ‘pure’ and ‘politically free’ environments. Examples of existing and proposed eco-enclaves of various kinds are given and discussed. The conclusion considers some implications of these possible projects of ‘salvation’ or ‘segregation’.

中文翻译：

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生态学、生态庇护所和环境豁免：在人类世中构建新的分裂和不平等

本文回顾了城市空间和受控环境的社会技术发展的一些趋势。它提供了过去和现在的空间、体积和象征性结构的例子，这些结构在描述承诺提供“环境豁免”的栖息地或定居点的新市场背景之前起到了封闭或分隔的作用。换句话说，这是为获得“干净”、“绿色”、“纯净”和“政治自由”环境而付费的能力。给出并讨论了现有和提议的各种生态飞地的例子。结论考虑了这些可能的“拯救”或“隔离”项目的一些含义。