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What is a Psychological Task? The Operational Pliability of “Task” in Psychological Laboratory Experimentation
Engaging Science, Technology, and Society Pub Date : 2019-03-23 , DOI: 10.17351/ests2019.274
Hazel Morrison , Shannon McBriar , Hilary Powell , Jesse Proudfoot , Steven Stanley , Des Fitzgerald , Felicity Callard

There has been no sustained sociological analysis of a near ubiquitous feature of psychological laboratory experimentation: the task. Yet the task is central in arranging the means by which phenomena are isolated and brought into the experimental scientist’s purview. As scientific objects, states such as mind wandering and daydreaming have been made visible in experiments that draw on a (sometimes) sharp distinction between what it means to be either “on task” or “off task”––which entails a long history of what it means to have a subject attend to her task, a central aspect of the psychology experiment since its foundation. Through an analysis of qualitative interviews with research participants in studies of so-called “mind wandering,” it becomes clear that task is deployed and understood in multiple ways: it is often hard to distinguish when a person is on task and when they are not; when participants reflect on their own internal states the boundedness that the concept relies upon is drawn sharply into question; and the complex spatio-temporal organization of experiences of both mind wandering and task disrupts the metaphorical structures that the scientific literature has baked into these terms. The term “operational pliability” allows us to understand how the pliability of the practice and concept of task is central to how task functions. Operational pliability offers a way of understanding how particular elements in scientific investigation are easily adaptable and at the same time are able to hold some kind of shape or form.

中文翻译:

什么是心理任务?心理实验室实验中“任务”的操作可行性

尚未对心理学实验室实验的一个普遍存在的特征进行持续的社会学分析:任务。然而,这项任务对于安排隔离现象并将其带入实验科学家的职权范围至关重要。作为科学对象,诸如“徘徊”和“做白日梦”之类的状态在实验中变得可见,这些实验在(有时)“处于任务状态”或“脱离任务”的含义之间进行了清晰的区分,这需要悠久的历史。自从实验成立以来,让受试者参加她的任务是什么意思。通过对在所谓的“思想游荡”研究中与研究参与者进行的定性访谈分析,可以清楚地看出任务是通过多种方式部署和理解的:通常很难区分一个人何时执行任务和何时不执行任务。当参与者反思自己的内部状态时,这个概念所依赖的界限便受到了极大的质疑;而且,思维游荡和任务经历的时空复杂组织方式破坏了科学文献已经将这些隐喻结构烘焙为这些术语的过程。术语“操作的柔韧性”使我们能够理解实践和任务概念的柔韧性对于任务如何运作至关重要。操作的柔韧性提供了一种理解科学研究中的特定元素如何轻松适应同时又能够保持某种形状或形式的方式。当参与者反思自己的内部状态时,这个概念所依赖的边界就被极大地质疑了;而且,思维游荡和任务经历的时空复杂组织方式破坏了科学文献已经将这些隐喻结构烘焙为这些术语的过程。术语“操作的柔韧性”使我们能够理解实践和任务概念的柔韧性对于任务如何运作至关重要。操作的柔韧性提供了一种理解科学研究中的特定元素如何轻松适应同时又能够保持某种形状或形式的方式。当参与者反思自己的内部状态时,这个概念所依赖的界限便受到了极大的质疑;而且,思维游荡和任务经历的时空复杂组织方式破坏了科学文献已经将这些隐喻结构烘焙为这些术语的过程。术语“操作的柔韧性”使我们能够理解实践和任务概念的柔韧性对于任务如何运作至关重要。操作的柔韧性提供了一种理解科学研究中的特定元素如何轻松适应同时又能够保持某种形状或形式的方式。而且,思维游荡和任务经历的时空复杂组织方式破坏了科学文献已经将这些隐喻结构烘焙为这些术语的过程。术语“操作的柔韧性”使我们能够理解实践和任务概念的柔韧性对于任务如何运作至关重要。操作的柔韧性提供了一种理解科学研究中的特定元素如何轻松适应同时又能够保持某种形状或形式的方式。而且,思维游荡和任务经历的时空复杂组织方式破坏了科学文献已经将这些隐喻结构烘焙为这些术语的过程。术语“操作的柔韧性”使我们能够理解实践和任务概念的柔韧性对于任务如何运作至关重要。操作的柔韧性提供了一种理解科学研究中的特定元素如何轻松适应同时又能够保持某种形状或形式的方式。
更新日期:2019-03-23
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