ABSTRACT Benjamin Franklin “retired” from printing in 1747 but retained ownership of his press and a close working relationship with his printer, and Pennsylvania Gazette Editor David Hall. From King George’s War in 1747 through the French and Indian War, Assemblyman Franklin used his press and the Gazette to forward his political objective of militarizing the Quaker Colony. During the French and Indian War, the Gazette pioneered standards of accurate reporting relying on eyewitness accounts, multiple sourcing, and networks of information that other presses imitated. This reporting provides vivid detail of the Allegheny Indians’ successful strategy of using terror to influence Pennsylvania to sue for peace on Indian terms in 1758. At the same time, Franklin, Hall, and the Gazette moved beyond the reporting of fact and sensationalized Indian violence—not to sell papers but to militarize the colony for self-defense with fortifications, an army, and scalp bounties. The Allegheny Indians and the Gazette’s tactics both achieved their intended goals, but also carried the unintended consequence of the ethnic cleansing of Pennsylvania.

中文翻译：

---

红色新闻：阿勒格尼印第安人，本·富兰克林的《宾夕法尼亚州公报》和宾夕法尼亚州的种族清洗，1747–1764年

摘要本杰明·富兰克林于1747年“退休”，但保留了印刷机的所有权以及与印刷机以及《宾夕法尼亚州公报》编辑大卫·霍尔的密切工作关系。从1747年乔治国王战争到法国和印度战争，富兰克林议员利用他的媒体和宪报提出了将奎克殖民地军事化的政治目标。在法国和印度战争期间，《宪报》开创了准确报道的标准，该标准依靠目击者的报道，多种来源以及其他新闻界模仿的信息网络。该报告生动地详细介绍了阿勒格尼印第安人在1758年利用恐怖活动影响宾夕法尼亚州以印第安人的身份提起和平诉讼的成功策略。与此同时，富兰克林 《宪报》超越了报道事实和引起印度人轰动的暴力行为，而不是出售文件，而是为了使该殖民地军事化，以防御工事，一支军队和头皮赏金。阿勒格尼印第安人和宪报的策略既实现了预期的目标，又带来了宾夕法尼亚州种族清洗的意外后果。