ABSTRACT

Felrath Hines (b. Samuel Felrath Hines 1913, d. 1993) was an African American artist and paintings conservator based in New York and Washington, DC. After observing deterioration on an untitled 1978 painting by Hines in the collection of the National Museum of African American History and Culture (NMAAHC), archival research, instrumental analysis, and a survey of other works by the artist were carried out to characterize Hines's materials and determine underlying causes for the cracking and delamination observed. The NMAAHC paintings were correlated with Hines's detailed studio notes by their dates, dimensions, and palettes. Instrumental analysis provided evidence of Hines's method of reworking compositions by characterizing the paint and ground layers. Several potential causes of deterioration are explored, including the artist's use of zinc white, the repainting of compositions after long periods of time, and solvent evaporation from the alkyd grounds. Despite Hines's meticulous technique and knowledge of artists materials, the inherent vice of modern materials contributed to the condition of two paintings.

摘要

费拉斯·海因斯（Felrath Hines，生于1913年，塞缪尔·费拉斯·海因斯（Samuel Felrath Hines），卒于1993年）是纽约和华盛顿特区的一名非裔美国艺术家和油画保护者。在观察到海因斯（Hines）在美国非裔美国人历史和文化国家博物馆（NMAAHC）的藏品中1978年无题的一幅画的恶化之后，进行了档案研究，仪器分析以及该画家其他作品的调查，以表征海因斯的材料和确定观察到的裂纹和分层的根本原因。NMAAHC绘画的日期，尺寸和调色板将它们与Hines的详细工作室注释相关联。仪器分析通过表征涂料和底漆层，提供了Hines重整组合物方法的证据。探索了几种潜在的恶化原因，包括艺术家的 锌白的使用，长时间后重新喷涂组合物以及溶剂从醇酸树脂地面蒸发。尽管海因斯（Hines）细致的技巧和对艺术家材料的了解，现代材料的固有弊端还是造成了两幅画的条件。