ABSTRACT

In 1931, several osseous and lithic artefacts, as well as fish and whalebones, were discovered in the wetland at the Jortveit farm in Southern Norway. In 2018–19, a small-scale excavation at the original find location took place and a series of AMS-dates were produced. The excavation identified a mud profile with exceptional preservation conditions. At ∼125–130 cm depth, the mud contained unburnt fish and whale bones, burnt wooden sticks and lithic artefacts. AMS-dates of stray finds and samples retrieved during the excavation date to the period roughly between 3700–2500 cal BCE, i.e. Scandinavian Early and Middle Neolithic Periods. Nearly all bones belong to the Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus). The results are compared to local climate and landscape reconstructions, and the question of marine adaptation in the Neolithic is discussed. We find that the Jortveit site represented a patch in the landscape for specialized marine adaptation in the Neolithic.

摘要

1931 年，在挪威南部 Jortveit 农场的湿地中发现了一些骨质和石质文物，以及鱼和鲸骨。2018-19 年，在原始发现地点进行了小规模挖掘，并产生了一系列 AMS 日期。挖掘确定了一个具有特殊保存条件的泥浆剖面。在约 125-130 厘米深度处，泥浆含有未烧毁的鱼和鲸骨、烧过的木棍和石制品。AMS 发现的杂散发现日期和在挖掘期间取回的样本的日期大约在公元前 3700-2500 cal 之间，即斯堪的纳维亚新石器时代早期和中期。几乎所有的骨头都属于大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼（Thunnus thynnus）。结果与当地气候和景观重建进行了比较，并讨论了新石器时代的海洋适应问题。我们发现 Jortveit 遗址代表了新石器时代专门的海洋适应景观中的一个补丁。