ABSTRACT This paper focuses on how brokerage practices in the markets for commercial real estate investment assets and residential development land in England generate different possibilities for and patterns of opportunistic behaviours. Drawing upon previous research and analysis, the paper examines the nature of the brokerage market in both sub-markets. An interactionist model of the determinants of ethical judgement in the context of the brokerage sector is created. Based upon an interview survey of brokers and principals, the findings of an exploratory empirical study are discussed. Whilst there are challenges in defining, observing and measuring opportunistic behaviours, it is concluded that a number of different unethical practices have become routine rather than exceptional in the markets for institutional-grade real estate assets and residential development land.

中文翻译：

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经纪人可以操纵房地产市场吗？商业房地产领域的探索性研究

摘要本文重点讨论英格兰商业房地产投资资产和住宅开发用地市场中的经纪业务实践如何为机会主义行为带来不同的可能性和模式。根据先前的研究和分析，本文研究了两个子市场中经纪市场的性质。建立了经纪行业背景下的道德判断决定因素的互动模型。基于对经纪人和委托人的访谈调查，探讨了探索性实证研究的结果。尽管在定义，观察和衡量机会主义行为方面存在挑战，