Abstract Community supervision has become commonplace within the United States to monitor, regulate, and attempt to rehabilitate individuals in their transition from a correctional setting back into their communities. An abundance of literature has focused on the recidivism outcomes of individuals on supervision. Much less, however, has focused on the agents of supervision and their daily supervisory strategies and tactics in the community. This study analyzes qualitative interviews with 15 adult probation/parole officers, exploring their supervisory techniques during home visitations. The findings document how officers attempt to leverage assistance from household members, while also subjecting these same individuals to formal surveillance. This paper argues that probation/parole officers mobilize their authority to structure the households they visit to an increased state of surveillance and control. In particular, officer strategies include training household members to comply with supervision while also co-opting these members as supplemental forms of surveillance over their loved one who is under supervision.

中文翻译：

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“每个人都在监督之下”：家访对构建家庭动态和持续控制的作用

摘要社区监督在美国已变得司空见惯，以监控，规范和尝试使个人从教养场所过渡回社区的过程中恢复正常生活。大量文献集中于个人在监督下的累犯结果。但是，很少关注社区中的监督主体及其日常监督策略和策略。这项研究分析了对15位成年缓刑/假释人员的定性采访，探讨了他们在家庭探望期间的监督技巧。调查结果记录了官员如何尝试利用家庭成员的协助，同时也使这些个人受到正式监视。本文认为，缓刑/假释人员动员了他们的权力，以使他们探望的家庭结构得到加强的监视和控制。尤其是，官员策略包括培训家庭成员遵守监督规定，同时也将这些成员选为对他们所监督的亲人的补充监视形式。