The accumulation of socioeconomic stressors, such as being a single parent and having a limited income, is associated with childhood maladjustment and prospective poor health. Evidence suggests both positive and negative parenting strategies (e.g., warmth and praise; criticism and neglect) may account for the relationship between socioeconomic adversity and child outcomes. However, despite the common co-occurrence of parental depression and socioeconomic stress, models of cumulative socioeconomic risk and parenting have yet to be tested in parents who are also coping with depression. In a sample of children whose parents have a history of depression, this study extends findings from a previous report (i.e., Sullivan et al. in J Fam Psychol 33:883–893, 2019) to test whether behavioral observations of parenting account for the association between a cumulative risk index of socioeconomic stress and child psychological problems in the same sample of 179 children (M_age = 11.46 years, SD_age = 2.00) of parents with depression. Both positive and negative parenting accounted for the relationship between socioeconomic risk and both child- and parent-reported externalizing problems, whereas no evidence emerged for parenting accounting for the relation between cumulative risk and internalizing problems. This study highlights the central role socioeconomic stress plays in child maladjustment among parents coping with depression, as well as how parenting may be a critical mechanism linking socioeconomic stress and child externalizing problems.

社会经济压力的积累，例如单亲家庭和收入有限，与儿童适应不良和预期的健康状况不佳有关。有证据表明，积极和消极的育儿策略（例如，温暖和表扬；批评和忽视）都可以解释社会经济逆境与儿童结果之间的关系。然而，尽管父母抑郁症和社会经济压力共同发生，但累积社会经济风险和养育子女的模型尚未在同样应对抑郁症的父母中进行测试。在父母有抑郁症病史的儿童样本中，本研究扩展了先前报告的发现（即，Sullivan 等人在 J Fam Psychol 33:883-893，患有抑郁症的父母的M_年龄= 11.46 岁，SD_年龄= 2.00)。正面和负面的养育方式都解释了社会经济风险与孩子和父母报告的外化问题之间的关系，而没有证据表明养育方式可以解释累积风险和内化问题之间的关系。本研究强调了社会经济压力在应对抑郁症的父母中对儿童适应不良的核心作用，以及养育子女如何成为连接社会经济压力和儿童外化问题的关键机制。