ABSTRACT Archaeological data is always incomplete, frequently unreliable, often replete with unknown unknowns, but we nevertheless make the best of what we have and use it to build our theories and extrapolations about past events. Is there any reason to think that digital data alter this already complicated relationship with archaeological data? How does the shift to an infinitely more flexible, fluid digital medium change the character of our data and our use of it? The introduction of Big Data is frequently said to herald a new epistemological paradigm, but what are the implications of this for archaeology? As we are increasingly subject to algorithmic agency, how can we best manage this new data regime? This paper seeks to unpick the nature of digital data and its use within a Big Data environment as a prerequisite to rational and appropriate digital data analysis in archaeology, and proposes a means towards developing a more reflexive, contextual approach to Big Data.

中文翻译：

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大数字数据与众不同吗？迈向新的考古范式

摘要考古数据总是不完整，经常不可靠，经常充满未知的未知数，但是我们仍然充分利用已有的东西，并利用它来建立关于过去事件的理论和推断。有没有理由认为数字数据改变了这种与考古数据已经很复杂的关系？向无限灵活，流畅的数字媒体的转变如何改变我们数据的特性和使用方式？人们常说，引入大数据预示着一种新的认识论范式，但这对考古学意味着什么？随着我们越来越受算法代理的约束，我们如何最好地管理这种新的数据机制？本文力图揭露数字数据的本质及其在大数据环境中的使用，作为进行考古学中合理和适当的数字数据分析的先决条件，并提出一种方法，以开发一种更具自反性，针对大数据的情境方法。