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Geophysical investigations of WWII air-raid shelters in the UK
Journal of Conflict Archaeology Pub Date : 2018-09-02 , DOI: 10.1080/15740773.2018.1583472
J. T. Ainsworth 1 , J. K. Pringle 1 , P. Doyle 2 , M. Stringfellow 3 , D. Roberts 4 , I. G. Stimpson 1 , K. D. Wisniewski 1 , J. Goodwin 5
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT Just before WWII, the British government prepared for an aerial onslaught that was predicted to raze cities and cause mass casualties. By 1938, the Air Raid Precautions Act officially stated that population protection would be through dispersal, meaning evacuation and small-scale protection, local authority responsibility often devolving to householders. Archaeological records of remaining air-raid shelters are relatively rare and under threat. This paper reports on geophysical surveys on three sites in Stoke-on-Trent and London. Results found three intact Stanton shelters in Stoke-on-Trent, located by GPR, electrical resistivity, magnetometry, gravity and electromagnetic methods. In London, partially demolished shelters and an intact, mass public shelter were both detected by EM and GPR methods, with subsequent intrusive investigations confirming results. Study outcomes show hitherto-neglected wartime shelters are in varied condition, with geophysical surveys able to detect, characterise and assess them, helping bring WWII British history into the wider scientific community and public domain.

中文翻译:

英国二战防空洞地球物理调查

摘要 就在二战前夕,英国政府为一场预计将摧毁城市并造成大规模人员伤亡的空中袭击做好了准备。到 1938 年,《空袭预防法》正式规定,人口保护将通过分散进行,这意味着疏散和小规模保护,地方当局的责任往往下放给住户。剩余防空洞的考古记录相对稀少且受到威胁。本文报告了对特伦特河畔斯托克和伦敦三个地点的地球物理调查。结果在特伦特河畔斯托克发现了三个完整的斯坦顿避难所,通过 GPR、电阻率、磁力测定、重力和电磁方法定位。在伦敦,EM 和 GPR 方法都检测到部分被拆除的避难所和一个完整的大型公共避难所,随后的侵入性调查证实了结果。研究结果表明,迄今为止被忽视的战时避难所状况各不相同,地球物理调查能够检测、表征和评估它们,帮助将二战英国历史带入更广泛的科学界和公共领域。
更新日期:2018-09-02
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