By giving consent, competent adults can permit acts that would otherwise be rights violations. In order to give valid consent a person must be capable of autonomous decisionmaking and her consent must be proffered voluntarily. However, competence and voluntariness are insufficient. The person who gives consent must also understand what she is authorizing. In this paper we develop an account of the understanding requirement for valid consent. We argue, contra existing accounts, that the content of the understanding requirement is minimal. Valid consent requires that the person proffering it understand just three things: (1) that she is giving consent; (2) how to exercise her right to give or refuse consent; and (3) to what she is being asked to consent. To meet the third condition, the profferer of consent must share an understanding with the recipient of consent of how the normative boundaries between them will be redrawn. This mutual understanding is achieved through successful communication. The content of what is successfully communicated can be analyzed in terms of implicatures: the overlap in uttererand audienceimplicature contains what both parties have communicated to each other and hence mutually understand.

中文翻译：

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理解，沟通和同意

通过给予同意，有能力的成年人可以允许否则会侵犯人权的行为。为了获得有效的同意，一个人必须具有自主决策的能力，并且其同意必须是自愿的。但是，能力和自愿性不足。表示同意的人还必须了解她的授权。在本文中，我们对有效同意的理解要求进行了说明。与现有的说法相反，我们认为理解要求的内容是最小的。有效同意要求提供同意的人仅了解三件事：（1）她正在给予同意；（二）如何行使同意或拒绝同意的权利；（3）要求她同意的内容。为了满足第三个条件，同意书的提供者必须与同意书的接受者分享关于如何重划他们之间的规范界限的理解。通过成功的沟通可以实现这种相互理解。成功传达的内容可以通过含蓄的方式进行分析：在言语和听众含意方面的重叠包含了双方彼此交流并因此相互理解的内容。