ABSTRACT Understanding leisure has been the subject of interest by a wide range of scholars representing a wide range of disciplines. There are three traditional meanings of leisure which surface frequently in literature. These definitions consider leisure as a state of mind, activity (set of activities), or free time. These definitions originate from Western societies and fit well in such societies. In more collectivistic societies such as in Asia and Africa, these definitions seem to be inadequate in explaining and interpreting the meaning of leisure. Collectivistic cultures emphasize the needs and goals of the group over the needs and desires of each individual. Because of this, in more collectivistic societies, relationships with other members of the group and the interconnectedness between individuals in the community play a central role in the pursuit of leisure. This article looks at non-Western conceptualizations of leisure and argues that leisure cannot be defined outside the context of a particular culture and/or religion in which an individual belongs.

中文翻译：

---

非西方社会的休闲和娱乐：批判性观点和对未来研究的影响

摘要 理解休闲一直是代表广泛学科的众多学者感兴趣的主题。文学中经常出现三种传统意义上的休闲。这些定义将休闲视为一种精神状态、活动（一组活动）或空闲时间。这些定义源自西方社会，非常适合此类社会。在亚洲和非洲等更加集体主义的社会中，这些定义似乎不足以解释和解释休闲的含义。集体主义文化强调群体的需求和目标，而不是每个人的需求和愿望。正因为如此，在更加集体主义的社会中，与群体其他成员的关系以及社区中个人之间的相互联系在追求休闲方面发挥着核心作用。本文着眼于非西方的休闲概念，并认为不能在个人所属的特定文化和/或宗教的背景下定义休闲。