ABSTRACT This study investigated the overall happiness, school-related happiness, and depression of traditionally bullied and cyberbullied 12-year-old Finnish students. Among the more than 700 participants, traditional bullying (26%) was more frequent than cyberbullying (18%). Receiving insulting text messages or being the subject of offensive comments on the Internet were the most common forms of cyberbullying. Often those who were cyberbullied were also victims of traditional bullying (the poly-victimized comprised 11% of all participants). We found no differences between genders in traditional bullying rates, but cyberbullying was more common among girls. Being victimized, in either form, was related to a decrease in all measures of psychological well-being, with the poly-victimized scoring the lowest. In particular, being victimized predicted depression, with the poly-victimized scoring the highest. The results indicate a clear need to intervene in early adolescents’ culture of communicating via electronic devices and especially to identify victims of bullying in both the real and cyberworld.

中文翻译：

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传统上被欺负和网络欺凌的12岁儿童的幸福感和沮丧感

摘要这项研究调查了传统上受欺凌和网络欺凌的12岁芬兰学生的整体幸福感，与学校有关的幸福感和沮丧感。在700多名参与者中，传统欺凌（26％）的频率高于网络欺凌（18％）。在互联网上接收侮辱性文字消息或成为攻击性评论的主题是网络欺凌的最常见形式。通常，那些被网络欺凌的人也是传统欺凌的受害者（受害多面手的人占所有参与者的11％）。我们发现传统的欺凌率在性别上没有差异，但女孩中的网络欺凌更为普遍。任一种形式的受害都与心理健康的所有衡量指标的下降有关，多族裔受害人得分最低。特别是，被害者预示着抑郁症，多族裔受害者得分最高。结果表明，明确需要干预青少年通过电子设备进行交流的文化，尤其是要识别现实世界和网络世界中欺凌行为的受害者。