ABSTRACT Intellectual development from the late Qing to the 1911 Revolution and then to the May Fourth New Culture Movement was generally a continuous process despite various ambivalent and hesitant zigzags. Within this overall continuity, new elements became salient. The new policies promulgated by the republican government soon after the success of the 1911 Revolution created an institutional legacy that gave previously marginal ideas enough legitimacy to enter the mainstream. Changes in “background culture” also resulted in many new themes associated with May Fourth, though these themes were ostensibly similar to those in the late Qing period. The enlightenment of May Fourth endowed the “future” with positive values so that a future-oriented perspective became a fashionable trend in this period.

中文翻译：

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启蒙运动是从晚清到五四的一个连续过程吗？

摘要 从晚清到 1911 年革命再到五四新文化运动的思想发展，尽管有各种矛盾和犹豫的曲折，但总体上是一个连续的过程。在这种整体连续性中，新元素变得突出。共和政府在 1911 年革命成功后不久颁布的新政策创造了制度遗产，使以前的边缘思想有足够的合法性进入主流。“背景文化”的变化也导致了许多与五四相关的新主题，尽管这些主题表面上与晚清相似。五四的启蒙赋予“未来”以积极的价值观，面向未来的视角成为这一时期的时尚潮流。