ABSTRACT This article addresses how the political language of democracy was used in nineteenth-century Brazil prior to 1850 and how its deployment was connected to related yet distinct political concepts, particularly liberalism and republicanism. It explores the prevalence of the language of democracy in a constitutional monarchy predicated on a socio-political order that was itself dependent on slavery and in which the vast majority of subjects, enslaved and free, were either de facto or de jure disenfranchised or excluded from the political process. The article focuses on the political ideas of the rebellions of the 1820s-40s, which mainly occurred in the provinces far from the capital of Rio de Janeiro, including the Confederation of the Equator, the Sabinada, the Farroupilha, and the Praieira.

中文翻译：

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巴西独立后的通俗和“民主”语言，1822-48

摘要 本文讨论了 1850 年之前的 19 世纪巴西如何使用民主的政治语言，以及它的部署如何与相关但截然不同的政治概念，特别是自由主义和共和主义相关联。它探讨了民主语言在君主立宪制中的盛行情况，君主立宪制基于社会政治秩序，该秩序本身依赖于奴隶制，其中绝大多数被奴役和自由的臣民在事实上或法律上被剥夺了公民权或被排除在外。政治进程。文章重点介绍了 1820 年代至 40 年代叛乱的政治思想，这些叛乱主要发生在远离首都里约热内卢的省份，包括赤道联盟、萨比纳达、法鲁皮拉和普拉埃拉。