ABSTRACT The present dossier collects a series of multidisciplinary empirical essays on the entangled relationship between Spanish identity and exhibits. Since the nineteenth century Spain has been both a participant and a venue for universal exhibitions, confronting itself with an imagery dramatically divided between traditional representations and an advocated modernity. Despite being a country incapable of competing economically with other western imperial powers, the case of Spain has a particular interest because of its cultural diversity, nostalgia for a past great empire and presentation as an exotic frontier between West and East, North and South of the world. The research studies carried out here mostly focus on the international scope of exhibitions and cover different transnational phenomena, inserting different imagined communities in wider and more ambitious spaces in Europe and Latin America. Notably, some exhibitions convert into special instruments for shaping collective identities in an interconnected Hispanic world in which post-imperial Spanish national identity is a reference to link countries and continents. Ultimately, all the essays move away from the examination of exhibitions as public arenas of symbolic conflict between different identity proposals as singular places of collective memory.

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国家的舞台：二十世纪的西班牙和拉丁美洲

摘要 本卷宗收集了一系列关于西班牙身份与展品之间纠缠关系的多学科实证论文。自 19 世纪以来，西班牙一直是全球展览的参与者和场所，面临着传统表现形式和所倡导的现代性之间存在巨大分歧的图像。尽管是一个无法与其他西方帝国在经济上竞争的国家，但西班牙的情况特别令人感兴趣，因为它的文化多样性、对过去伟大帝国的怀旧以及作为东西方、南北之间的异国边境的表现世界。这里进行的研究主要集中在展览的国际范围，涵盖不同的跨国现象，在欧洲和拉丁美洲更广阔、更雄心勃勃的空间中插入不同的想象社区。值得注意的是，在一个相互关联的西班牙裔世界中，一些展览变成了塑造集体身份的特殊工具，在这个世界中，后帝国时代的西班牙民族身份是连接国家和大陆的参考。最终，所有的文章都不再将展览视为不同身份提议之间象征性冲突的公共场所，而是作为集体记忆的单一场所。