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Legalize or Prohibit It? Quebec’s Exceptionalism on Cannabis Regulation and the Framing of Evidence in Policymaking
American Review of Canadian Studies Pub Date : 2020-07-02 , DOI: 10.1080/02722011.2020.1811588 Gabriel Lévesque 1 , Maude Benoit 1
American Review of Canadian Studies Pub Date : 2020-07-02 , DOI: 10.1080/02722011.2020.1811588 Gabriel Lévesque 1 , Maude Benoit 1
Affiliation
ABSTRACT Successive governments of the Liberal and CAQ parties have worked on Quebec’s cannabis regulation. Although “progressiveness” is a key part of its political identity, and despite its population being the largest user of cannabis since it was legalized, Quebec adopted the most repressive legislation among Canadian provinces. The process of framing the issue was nevertheless heavily influenced by the use of scientific evidence. In this paper, we seek to understand how evidence from different scientific fields was mobilized in the policymaking process. In order to classify the actors’ positions and use of science, we develop a bidimensional continuum in which approaches to both health and behavior are presented. We specifically discuss three relevant issues that distinguish Quebec from other Canadian provinces: personal cultivation, public consumption, and legal age. Although multiple approaches to these issues were possible, government actors persistently put forward an individual approach to health and a moralistic approach to behavior. The adoption of the same repressive approach on each issue without scientific consensus suggests that scientific arguments were mobilized as a tool to support preexisting beliefs rather than to ground policy on evidence.
中文翻译:
合法化还是禁止?魁北克在大麻监管和政策制定中的证据框架方面的例外
摘要 自由党和 CAQ 党的历届政府都致力于魁北克的大麻监管。尽管“进步性”是其政治身份的关键部分,尽管自大麻合法化以来其人口是最大的大麻使用者,但魁北克通过了加拿大各省中最具压制性的立法。尽管如此,问题的制定过程还是受到科学证据使用的严重影响。在本文中,我们试图了解如何在决策过程中动员来自不同科学领域的证据。为了对参与者的立场和科学的使用进行分类,我们开发了一个二维连续体,其中介绍了健康和行为的方法。我们专门讨论了魁北克区别于加拿大其他省份的三个相关问题:个人修养、公共消费和法定年龄。尽管可能有多种方法解决这些问题,但政府行为者坚持提出针对健康的个人方法和针对行为的道德方法。在没有科学共识的情况下在每个问题上采用相同的压制方法表明,科学论证被用作支持先前存在的信念的工具,而不是根据证据制定政策。
更新日期:2020-07-02
中文翻译:
合法化还是禁止?魁北克在大麻监管和政策制定中的证据框架方面的例外
摘要 自由党和 CAQ 党的历届政府都致力于魁北克的大麻监管。尽管“进步性”是其政治身份的关键部分,尽管自大麻合法化以来其人口是最大的大麻使用者,但魁北克通过了加拿大各省中最具压制性的立法。尽管如此,问题的制定过程还是受到科学证据使用的严重影响。在本文中,我们试图了解如何在决策过程中动员来自不同科学领域的证据。为了对参与者的立场和科学的使用进行分类,我们开发了一个二维连续体,其中介绍了健康和行为的方法。我们专门讨论了魁北克区别于加拿大其他省份的三个相关问题:个人修养、公共消费和法定年龄。尽管可能有多种方法解决这些问题,但政府行为者坚持提出针对健康的个人方法和针对行为的道德方法。在没有科学共识的情况下在每个问题上采用相同的压制方法表明,科学论证被用作支持先前存在的信念的工具,而不是根据证据制定政策。