ABSTRACT

This article examines the implications of the land and agrarian reforms on ‘aliens’ and its multiplying effects on citizenship and their rights in Zimbabwe. It also interrogates the contested nature of citizenship in relation to land, agriculture and the rights of aliens. This is premised on a background where a frosty relationship has existed between aliens and the government, making them victims of the country’s land reform programme. Settler colonialism is shown as having partly contributed to contemporary challenges and despite its demise, it continues to influence land and agrarian disputes between the government, indigenous Zimbabweans and aliens. It is against this background that this article interrogates and tells a unique story of inclusion and exclusion in rural Zimbabwe. The country’s land reform programme is shown as having had deep seated socio-cultural, political and economic implications some which are now only becoming evident now. The paper uses strong field based empirical evidence, adopts an interpretive life history research approach and uses the conceptual lenses of T.H. Marshall’s distinction of social citizenship (civil political and economic) to show how land reform has reconfigured rural social and economic relations. The article shows that in post land reform Zimbabwe, citizenship remains a contested issue and socially, economically and politically aliens are at a disadvantage and are failing to enjoy the rights and privileges which are due to them as enshrined in the country’s laws. The article concludes that despite the politics of inclusion and exclusion in rural Zimbabwe, aliens continue to positively contribute to socio-economic and political processes in the resettlement areas.

摘要

本文研究了土地和土地改革对“外国人”的影响及其对津巴布韦公民身份及其权利的多重影响。它还在土地，农业和外国人权利方面质疑公民身份的有争议性质。这是基于外星人与政府之间存在冷淡关系的背景，使他们成为该国土地改革计划的受害者。塞特勒殖民主义被证明在一定程度上加剧了当代的挑战，尽管它已经灭亡，但它继续影响着政府，津巴布韦人和外国人之间的土地和土地纠纷。正是在这种背景下，本文审讯并讲述了津巴布韦农村地区包含与排斥的独特故事。事实证明，该国的土地改革计划具有深厚的社会文化，政治和经济影响，而其中的某些影响现在才变得明显。本文使用了基于强大领域的经验证据，采用了解释性的生活史研究方法，并使用了马歇尔（TH Marshall）区分社会公民身份（公民政治和经济）的概念透镜，来展示土地改革如何重新构造了农村社会和经济关系。文章显示，在津巴布韦土地改革后，公民身份仍然是一个有争议的问题，外侨在社会，经济和政治上处于不利地位，无法享有该国法律赋予他们的权利和特权。文章的结论是，尽管津巴布韦农村地区存在包容性和排斥性的政治思想，