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Fast and slow beam mode ion-acoustic solitons in plasmas with counterstreaming cold protons
Physica Scripta ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 , DOI: 10.1088/1402-4896/abde0d
Frank Verheest 1, 2 , Manfred A Hellberg 2
Affiliation  

It was recently shown (Lakhina et al (2020), Physica Scr. 95, 105601) that in a plasma of hot electrons and two counterstreaming warm proton beams, a slow ion-acoustic solitary mode occurred, where the soliton speeds decreased from the critical acoustic speeds, while the amplitudes increased. This contradicts conventional wisdom that solitons are inherently ‘super-acoustic’, the soliton speeds exceeding the linear acoustic speed, and that amplitudes grow with soliton speed. To elucidate and further elaborate on these findings, a simpler model is considered, in which the ion beam species are cold, neglecting their thermal effects. This retains the essence of the physics, but simplifies the analysis. It permits a full parametric discussion of the existence ranges for such solitons, not only for the critical Mach numbers, but also for the limit amplitudes, by using fluid density restrictions for the ions. If the beam speed exceeds a threshold, two acoustic regimes are found: a fast beam mode with the usual super-acoustic solitons, and a slow beam mode, where solitons are sub-acoustic, at least in the laboratory frame. This confirms the earlier result, but shows that it is primarily a beam effect, rather than an ion thermal effect. The observation can be explained: in the ion beam frame, the solitons are indeed super-acoustic. However, those travelling in the negative direction are swept forwards by the fast beam and hence are observed in the laboratory frame as being sub-acoustic. A similar approach is used for a case of asymmetric proton beams, with unequal ion densities and beam speeds.



中文翻译:

带有逆流冷质子的等离子体中的快束和慢束模式离子声孤子

最近显示(Lakhina等人(2020),物理学血肌酐。 95(105601)在热电子和两个逆流的质子束反向等离子体中,出现了缓慢的离子声孤立模式,其中孤子速度从临界声速开始减小,而振幅增加。这与传统观念相矛盾,传统观念认为孤子本质上是“超声学的”,孤子速度超过线性声速,并且振幅随孤子速度而增长。为了阐明和进一步阐述这些发现,我们考虑了一个更简单的模型,其中离子束物质是冷的,而忽略了它们的热效应。这保留了物理学的本质,但简化了分析。通过使用离子的流体密度限制,它可以对此类孤子的存在范围进行完整的参数讨论,不仅对于临界马赫数,而且对于极限振幅也是如此。如果光束速度超过阈值,则会发现两个声学状态:至少在实验室框架中,具有通常的超声学孤子的快速光束模式和具有次声学的慢光束模式。这证实了较早的结果,但表明它主要是束效应,而不是离子热效应。观察结果可以解释为:在离子束框架中,孤子确实是超声学的。但是,沿负方向行进的光束被快速光束向前扫掠,因此在实验室框架中被观察为亚声。对于离子密度和束速度不相等的非对称质子束,可以使用类似的方法。孤子至少在实验室框架内是亚声的。这证实了较早的结果,但表明它主要是束效应,而不是离子热效应。观察结果可以解释为:在离子束框架中,孤子确实是超声学的。但是,沿负方向行进的光束被快速光束向前扫掠,因此在实验室框架中被观察为亚声。对于离子密度和束速度不相等的非对称质子束,可以使用类似的方法。孤子至少在实验室框架内是亚声的。这证实了较早的结果,但表明它主要是束效应,而不是离子热效应。观察结果可以解释为:在离子束框架中,孤子确实是超声学的。但是,沿负方向行进的光束被快速光束向前扫掠,因此在实验室框架中被观察为亚声。对于离子密度和束速度不相等的非对称质子束,可以使用类似的方法。那些沿负方向行进的光束被快速光束向前扫掠,因此在实验室框架中被观察为亚声。对于离子密度和束速度不相等的非对称质子束,可以使用类似的方法。那些沿负方向行进的光束被快速光束向前扫掠,因此在实验室框架中被观察为亚声。对于离子密度和束速度不相等的非对称质子束,可以使用类似的方法。

更新日期:2021-02-05
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