In recent years, RF identification (RFID) technology in the ultrahigh-frequency (UHF) range has become increasingly important in many applications, especially in the context of both the Internet of Things (IoT) and Industry 4.0. RFID is no longer simply a matter of identification; today, it is mainly concerned with recording data from the surrounding environment. As a result, researchers are working on the integration of sensors (or even small actuators) in passive RFID transponders (tags) for a variety of different applications and also on the localization and tracking of RFID tags attached to various objects and machinery. Another key aspect in UHF RFID technologies is security, as the data transmitted may be confidential and should not be shared with third parties. For the fast verification of novel algorithms in localization and novel protocols for security, wireless testbeds allow swift verification of these designs under real-world or real-time conditions [1]. Wireless testbeds are widely used in research and require scalability, modularity, and extendibility of the hardware and software. These needs can be achieved by using software-defined radios (SDRs). In the case of UHF RFID, SDR-based RFID readers have been developed and used as wireless testbeds for enhancements in UHF RFID systems.

中文翻译：

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软件定义的RFID读取器：无线读取器测试台利用软件定义的无线电来增强UHF RFID系统

近年来，超高频（UHF）范围的RF识别（RFID）技术在许多应用中变得越来越重要，尤其是在物联网（IoT）和工业4.0的背景下。RFID不再仅仅是识别问题；今天，它主要涉及记录周围环境中的数据。结果，研究人员正在致力于将传感器（甚至小型致动器）集成到无源RFID应答器（标签）中，以用于各种不同的应用，还致力于对附着在各种物体和机器上的RFID标签进行定位和跟踪。UHF RFID技术的另一个关键方面是安全性，因为传输的数据可能是机密的，不应与第三方共享。为了快速验证本地化的新颖算法和安全性的新颖协议，无线测试平台允许在现实世界或实时条件下对这些设计进行快速验证[1]。无线测试平台广泛用于研究中，需要硬件和软件的可伸缩性，模块化和可扩展性。这些需求可以通过使用软件定义的无线电（SDR）来实现。对于UHF RFID，已经开发了基于SDR的RFID阅读器，并将其用作无线测试平台，以增强UHF RFID系统。