Currently, the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is drastically affecting 214 countries, causing severe pneumonia in patients, which has resulted in lockdown being implemented in several countries to stop its local transmission. Considering this, the rapid screening and accurate detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; 2019-nCoV) play an essential role in the diagnosis of COVID-19, which can minimize local transmission and prevent an epidemic. Due to this public health emergency, the development of ultra-fast reliable diagnostic kits is essential for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Recently, molecular biology and nanotechnology based analytical methods have proven to be promising diagnostic tools for the rapid screening of 2019-nCoV with high accuracy and precision. The main aim of this review is to provide a retrospective overview on the molecular biology tools (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP)) and nanotechnology based analytical tools (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), RT-PCR, and lateral flow assay) for the rapid diagnosis of COVID-19. This review also presents recent reports on other analytical techniques including paper spray mass spectrometry for the diagnosis of COVID-19 in clinical samples. Finally, we provide a quick reference on molecular biology and nanotechnology based analytical tools for COVID-19 diagnosis in clinical samples.

中文翻译：

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基于分子生物学和纳米技术的SARS-CoV-2检测分析方法概述：用于COVID-19快速诊断的有前途的生物工具

目前，2019年新型冠状病毒（2019-nCoV）严重影响214个国家，导致患者患上严重的肺炎，这已导致多个国家实施封锁以停止其本地传播。考虑到这一点，快速筛查和准确检测严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2; 2019-nCoV）在诊断COVID-19中起着至关重要的作用，可以最大程度地减少局部传播并预防流行病。由于这种突发公共卫生事件，开发超快速可靠的诊断工具包对于诊断COVID-19至关重要。最近，事实证明，基于分子生物学和纳米技术的分析方法是用于以高精度和高精度快速筛选2019-nCoV的有前途的诊断工具。这篇综述的主要目的是对分子生物学工具（逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和逆转录环介导的等温扩增（RT-LAMP））和基于纳米技术的分析工具（酶标连锁免疫吸附测定（ELISA），RT-PCR和侧向流动测定），可快速诊断COVID-19。这篇综述还提供了有关其他分析技术的最新报告，包括用于临床样品中COVID-19诊断的纸喷雾质谱法。最后，我们提供了基于分子生物学和纳米技术的分析工具对临床样品中COVID-19诊断的快速参考。