Abstract

Hardy FJ, Preece E, Backer L. 2021. Status of state cyanoHAB outreach and monitoring efforts, United States. Lake Reserv Manage. XX:XXX–XXX.

A widespread effort is underway to improve awareness of cyanobacteria harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) across the United States using a variety of monitoring programs and public health outreach measures to protect people, pets, and livestock. To determine the status of cyanoHAB outreach and monitoring efforts, 2 questionnaires were distributed to health/environmental departments in 50 states and the District of Columbia (DC). One questionnaire focused on cyanoHAB exposure to humans from drinking water and the second targeted exposure through recreational activities. All states plus DC responded to the recreational survey; 46 states plus DC responded to the drinking water survey. All states except Alaska answered that microcystins were the cyanotoxins of greatest concern for recreational exposure; microcystins were also of greatest concern for drinking water with the exception of Utah (anatoxin-a in reservoirs was greatest concern) and Rhode Island (microcystins and anatoxin-a in reservoirs/ponds were greatest concern). Regional comparisons disclosed a lack of cyanoHAB programs in southern states relative to northern states that may be related to the higher percentage of water surface area in northern states. Interestingly, recreational outreach is more extensive than drinking water outreach (only 16 states reported having some type of drinking water outreach program, compared with 35 states with recreational outreach), and preferred outreach methods are websites and press releases. Additionally, respondents reported very limited funding for outreach and monitoring programs. Our results establish baseline information to help determine what future direction cyanoHAB outreach and monitoring programs can take at local, regional, and national levels.

摘要

Hardy FJ，Preece E，BackerL。2021。美国cyanoHAB州外展和监控工作的状态。湖后备管理。XX：XXX–XXX。

美国正在进行广泛的努力，以通过各种监视计划和公共卫生宣传措施来保护人们，宠物和牲畜，提高全美对蓝藻有害藻华（cyanoHAB）的认识。为了确定cyanoHAB推广和监测工作的状况，向50个州和哥伦比亚特区（DC）的卫生/环境部门分发了2份问卷。一份问卷调查的重点是饮用水中氰基HAB对人的接触，第二份针对性的是通过娱乐活动进行的接触。所有州和DC都对休闲调查做出了回应；46个州和DC对饮用水调查做出了回应。除阿拉斯加外，所有州都回答说，微囊藻毒素是娱乐性接触中最令人关注的氰毒素。除犹他州（水库中的毒素A最为关注）和罗德岛州（水库/池塘中的微囊藻毒素和Anatoxin-a最受关注）外，微囊藻毒素也是饮用水中最受关注的问题。区域比较显示，南部各州相对于北部各州缺乏cyanoHAB计划，这可能与北部各州较高的水表面积百分比有关。有趣的是，娱乐外展比饮用水外展更为广泛（只有16个州报告了某种类型的饮用水外展计划，而35个州有娱乐外展），首选的外展方法是网站和新闻发布。此外，受访者表示，用于宣传和监控计划的资金非常有限。