SIAM Review, Volume 63, Issue 1, Page 100-120, January 2021.
Animals use stereo sampling of odor concentration to localize sources and follow odor trails. We analyze the dynamics of a bilateral model that depends on the simultaneous comparison between odor concentrations detected by left and right sensors. The general model consists of three differential equations for the positions in the plane and the heading. When the odor landscape is an infinite trail, we reduce the dynamics to a planar system whose dynamics has just two fixed points. Using an integrable approximation (for short sensors) we estimate the basin of attraction. In the case of a radially symmetric landscape, we again can reduce the dynamics to a planar system, but the behavior is considerably richer with multistability, isolas, and limit cycles. As in the linear trail case, there is also an underlying integrable system when the sensors are short. In odor landscapes that consist of multiple spots and trail segments, we find periodic and chaotic dynamics and characterize the behavior on trails with gaps and trails that turn corners.

中文翻译：

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双侧嗅觉搜索和导航的动力学

SIAM 评论，第 63 卷，第 1 期，第 100-120 页，2021 年 1 月。
动物使用气味浓度的立体采样来定位来源并跟踪气味轨迹。我们分析了双边模型的动态，该模型取决于左右传感器检测到的气味浓度之间的同时比较。通用模型由平面位置和航向的三个微分方程组成。当气味景观是一条无限的轨迹时，我们将动力学简化为一个平面系统，其动力学只有两个固定点。使用可积近似（对于短传感器），我们估计吸引盆。在径向对称景观的情况下，我们可以再次将动力学简化为平面系统，但具有多稳定性、孤立和极限循环的行为要丰富得多。与线性轨迹情况一样，当传感器很短时，还有一个底层的可集成系统。在由多个点和小径段组成的气味景观中，我们发现了周期性和混乱的动态，并表征了具有间隙的小径和转弯的小径上的行为。