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Are there segmental and tonal effects on syntactic encoding? Evidence from structural priming in Mandarin
Journal of Memory and Language ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-05 , DOI: 10.1016/j.jml.2021.104220
Chi Zhang , Sarah Bernolet , Robert J. Hartsuiker

Numerous studies have established that speakers tend to form utterances by reusing previously experienced sentence structures (i.e., structural priming). It was also frequently found that the repetition of lexical items enhances structural priming (i.e., lexical boost). This facilitation effect occurs not only when there is a full overlap of verbs, but also when one level of the lexical representation (semantic or phonological representation) overlaps between the prime and the target. In the current study, we further scrutinize the phonological overlap effect on structural priming. We asked whether the phonological effect is independent of orthographic overlap, and whether it is driven by overlap of segments, tone, or both. In five structural priming experiments (three lab-based, two web-based experiments), native Mandarin speakers were instructed to describe transitive pictures after receiving SVO or SOV “ba” prime sentences. In Experiment 1, prime and target verbs had lexical overlap (e.g., 脱[tuo1, to take off]-脱[tuo1]), semantic overlap (e.g., 卸[xie4, to remove]-脱[tuo1]), phonological overlap (e.g., 拖[tuo1, to mop]-脱[tuo1]), or no overlap (e.g., 打[da3, to beat]-脱[tuo1]) while similarities at other levels were carefully avoided. There were structural priming and lexical boost effects, but semantic or phonological overlap did not boost priming. In two further lab-based experiments and their large-scale online replications, verbs in prime and target had full phonological overlap (segmental + tonal, e.g., 拖[tuo1]-脱[tuo1]), syllabic overlap only (e.g., [tuo2, to carry]-脱[tuo1]), tonal overlap only (称[cheng1, to weigh]-脱[tuo1]), or no overlap. All four experiments showed structural priming, which was boosted by full phonological overlap. The syllabic overlap exerted a significant facilitation effect on structural priming, whereas no tonal effect was found. Together, these results indicate that processing at the phonological level feeds back to syntactic encoding in sentence production, which further supports an interactive view of language production.



中文翻译:

句法编码是否有片段和音调效果?普通话中结构性启动的证据

大量研究表明,说话者倾向于通过重用以前经验丰富的句子结构(即结构启动)来形成话语。还经常发现,词汇项的重复会增强结构启动(即词汇助推)。这种促进作用不仅在动词完全重叠时发生,而且在质数词和宾语之间的一层词汇表述(语义或语音表述)重叠时也会发生。在当前的研究中,我们进一步研究了语音重叠对结构启动的影响。我们询问语音效果是否独立于正交重叠,以及是否受片段,音调或两者重叠的驱动。在五个结构启动实验中(三个基于实验室的实验,两个基于Web的实验),在收到SVO或SOV“ ba”素句后,以汉语为母语的人被要求描述和物图片。在实验1中,素动词和目标动词具有词法重叠(例如,脱[tuo1,起飞]-脱[tuo1]),语义重叠(例如,卸[xie4,以移除]-脱[tuo1]),语音重叠(例如,拖[tuo1,以拖把]-脱[tuo1 ])或没有重叠(例如,打[da3,击败]-脱[tuo1]),同时小心避免了其他级别的相似性。存在结构启动和词汇增强效果,但是语义或语音重叠并不增强启动。在另外两个基于实验室的实验及其大规模的在线复制中,质数词和目标词的动词具有完全的语音重叠(段+声调,例如拖[tuo1]-脱[tuo1]),仅音节重叠(例如[tuo2 ,携带]-脱[tuo1]),仅音调重叠(称[cheng1,称重]-脱[tuo1]),或者没有重叠。所有四个实验都显示出结构启动,这在完全语音重叠的情况下得到了增强。音节重叠对结构启动起了很大的促进作用,而没有发现音调作用。这些结果加在一起表明,语音级的处理过程会反馈到句子生成中的句法编码,从而进一步支持语言生成的交互式视图。

更新日期:2021-02-05
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