Objective

To identify and summarize the behavior change techniques (BCTs) included in behavior change interventions for promoting physical activity in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Data Sources

PubMed, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Complete, Scopus, and Embase were initially searched in November 2019, and data extraction began in June 2020.

Study Selection

The inclusion criteria for studies were: adults older than 18 years with diagnosed MS, English language, clinical trial designs (ie, pre-post or randomized controlled trials), group or individual interventions, and home or community-based settings wherein physical activity was defined as a primary or secondary outcome. Exclusion criteria for studies included protocol manuscripts pending results, case studies, studies focused on populations with multiple chronic diseases, and interventions targeting multiple behaviors. Two researchers completed screening for study selection, and a third researcher served as a referee. Of the initially identified 8681 studies, 54 studies met selection criteria.

Data Extraction

Data extraction was completed by 3 researchers. Each article was coded by 2 of the 3 researchers, and a fourth researcher resolved discrepancies. Data extracted from each paper included study title, authors, country, year, sample size, study design, intervention details, physical activity outcomes, and BCTs.

Data Synthesis

Thirty-eight unique behavior change interventions were identified, and 53 of the 93 possible BCTs were included across the studies. The mean number of BCTs per study was 15, and studies and effect sizes across studies ranged from 0.04-1.49.

Conclusions

This review provides a comprehensive overview of BCTs as the active ingredients in behavior change interventions targeting physical activity in MS. Results from this study provide a compendium for future intervention development for increasing physical activity and improving overall health in MS.

中文翻译：

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多发性硬化体力活动干预中的行为改变技术

客观的

识别和总结行为改变干预措施中包含的行为改变技术 (BCT)，以促进多发性硬化症 (MS) 患者的身体活动。

数据源

PubMed、PsycINFO、Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Complete、Scopus 和 Embase 最初于 2019 年 11 月进行搜索，数据提取于 2020 年 6 月开始。

研究选择

研究的纳入标准是：18 岁以上被诊断为 MS 的成年人、英语语言、临床试验设计（即，事前或随机对照试验）、团体或个人干预，以及以家庭或社区为基础的身体活动定义为主要或次要结果。研究的排除标准包括待定结果的方案手稿、案例研究、针对患有多种慢性疾病的人群的研究以及针对多种行为的干预措施。两名研究人员完成了研究选择的筛选，第三名研究人员担任了裁判。在最初确定的 8681 项研究中，有 54 项研究符合选择标准。

数据提取

数据提取由3名研究人员完成。每篇文章由 3 位研究人员中的 2 位编码，第四位研究人员解决了差异。从每篇论文中提取的数据包括研究标题、作者、国家、年份、样本量、研究设计、干预细节、身体活动结果和 BCT。

数据综合

确定了 38 种独特的行为改变干预措施，93 种可能的 BCT 中的 53 种被纳入研究。每项研究的平均 BCT 数量为 15，研究和跨研究的效应大小范围为 0.04-1.49。

结论

本综述全面概述了 BCT 作为针对 MS 身体活动的行为改变干预措施的有效成分。这项研究的结果为未来的干预发展提供了一个纲要，以增加多发性硬化症患者的身体活动和改善整体健康状况。