The purpose of this study was to determine the average size and volume of lungs and to simulate the morphology of internal organs for the development of a Korean adult lung phantom. The body-size data of 2,195 males and 2,293 females aged between 20 and 60 y were included to calculate the average physical dimensions. Two hundred datasets of computed tomography corresponding to the average physique range were collected to measure the average linear dimensions (the length of x, y, and z-axis) of lungs. One set of lung CT images was finally obtained and converted to three-dimensional (3D) format. To confirm the validity of the new lung model, physical lung phantoms were constructed using International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) density and similar density to what was obtained from the human CT image and then compared with the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) phantom. The mean size of the chest width and thickness was 31.8 ± 2.8 and 21.4 ± 1.9 cm for males and 28.0 ± 1.6 cm and 19.4 ± 2.0 cm for females, respectively. The standard deviation of the lung dimension in this group was ± 3.0 cm in length, ± 0.8 cm in width, and ± 2.27 cm in depth. The two modified lung phantoms showed highly accurate geometry and linear attenuation coefficient vs. those of the LLNL phantom. The difference in CT number was ± 2% HU for the LLNL phantom and ± 4% HU for the human CT image based on a CT examination conducted using the chest CT protocol. Moreover, both lungs weighed 734 g to 1,246 g, within the range of the reference value of the ICRU report. These results demonstrate that a new lung model based on average linear dimension measurement in a group with average physique simulated the features and physical properties of real human lungs and facilitated further studies for phantom construction.

中文翻译：

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确定韩国肺的平均线性尺寸和体积以进行肺模型构建。

本研究的目的是确定肺部的平均大小和体积，并模拟韩国成人肺部模型发育的内脏器官形态。纳入 2,195 名年龄在 20 至 60 岁之间的男性和 2,293 名女性的身体尺寸数据，以计算平均身体尺寸。收集了与平均体格范围相对应的 200 个计算机断层扫描数据集，以测量肺部的平均线性尺寸（x、y 和 z 轴的长度）。最终获得一组肺部 CT 图像并转换为三维 (3D) 格式。为了确认新肺部模型的有效性，使用国际辐射单位和测量委员会 (ICRU) 密度以及与从人体 CT 图像获得的密度相似的密度构建了物理肺部模型，然后与劳伦斯利弗莫尔国家实验室 (LLNL) 进行比较）幻影。男性胸部宽度和厚度的平均尺寸分​​别为31.8±2.8和21.4±1.9厘米，女性为28.0±1.6厘米和19.4±2.0厘米。该组肺尺寸的标准偏差为长±3.0cm、宽±0.8cm、深±2.27cm。与 LLNL 体模相比，这两个改进的肺模型显示出高度精确的几何形状和线性衰减系数。根据使用胸部 CT 方案进行的 CT 检查，LLNL 体模的 CT 数差异为 ± 2% HU，人体 CT 图像的 CT 数差异为 ± 4% HU。而且，双肺重量为734克至1246克，在ICRU报告的参考值范围内。这些结果表明，基于平均体格群体的平均线性尺寸测量的新肺模型模拟了真实人肺的特征和物理特性，并促进了模型构建的进一步研究。