Background

Emotion regulation strategies may help explain the risk of experiencing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms among adults with a history of child maltreatment. However, no study to date has examined the roles of both thought suppression and cognitive reappraisal in the association between childhood maltreatment and PTSD symptoms.

Objective

The current study sought to understand the associations between childhood maltreatment, thought suppression, cognitive reappraisal, and PTSD symptoms while controlling for negative affect and gender.

Participants and setting

Data were collected on 660 university students (71 % female) ages 18–25 between 2013 and 2014. Participants completed self-report measures of childhood maltreatment, PTSD symptoms, and emotion regulation strategies.

Method

A structural equation model was tested to examine the direct and indirect effects from childhood maltreatment to PTSD symptoms via thought suppression and cognitive reappraisal, over and above gender and negative affect.

Results

Childhood maltreatment was directly associated with PTSD symptoms (β = 0.28, SE = 0.04, p < .001). Childhood maltreatment also had a significant indirect effect on PTSD via cognitive reappraisal (β = 0.01, CI 95 % [0.00, 0.03]), but not through thought suppression, although (β = 0.01, CI 95 % [−0.00, 0.04]) thought suppression was significantly positively associated with PTSD symptoms (β = 0.21, SE = 0.04, p < .001).

Conclusion

The present study sheds light on the effect of childhood maltreatment and two commonly used emotion regulation strategies on PTSD symptoms.

中文翻译：

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童年虐待通过思想抑制和认知重新评估对 PTSD 症状的间接影响

背景

情绪调节策略可能有助于解释有虐待儿童史的成年人出现创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 症状的风险。然而，迄今为止，还没有研究检查思想抑制和认知重新评估在儿童期虐待与 PTSD 症状之间的关联中的作用。

客观的

目前的研究试图在控制负面影响和性别的同时，了解儿童期虐待、思想抑制、认知重新评估和 PTSD 症状之间的关联。

参与者和设置

收集了 2013 年至 2014 年间 660 名 18-25 岁大学生（71% 为女性）的数据。参与者完成了对儿童期虐待、PTSD 症状和情绪调节策略的自我报告测量。

方法

测试了一个结构方程模型，以通过思想抑制和认知重新评估来检查童年虐待对 PTSD 症状的直接和间接影响，超越性别和负面影响。

结果

童年虐待与 PTSD 症状直接相关（β = 0.28，SE = 0.04，p < .001）。童年虐待也通过认知重新评估对 PTSD 有显着的间接影响 ( β = 0.01, CI 95 % [0.00, 0.03])，但不是通过思想抑制，尽管 ( β = 0.01, CI 95 % [-0.00, 0.04])思想抑制与 PTSD 症状显着正相关（β = 0.21，SE = 0.04，p < .001）。

结论

本研究阐明了童年虐待的影响和两种常用的情绪调节策略对 PTSD 症状的影响。