Abstract

This article analyses the normative powers conferred on and exercised by 69 Investigative Mechanisms, including UN Commissions of Inquiry, Fact-Finding Missions and Independent Investigative Mechanisms established between 1963 and 2020. Relying on a dataset collected by the author including all their mandates (78) and reports (121), the article introduces an analytical framework and uses it to (i) identify the specific normative powers conferred on Investigative Mechanisms, (ii) the evolution and main step changes in these powers between 1963 and 2020, and (iii) their specific expression in actual practice in matters such as the use of terminology (violations/abuses of human rights by non-State actors), the determination of the standard of proof, the characterization of primary norms, the development of integrated accountability strategies, and the internalization of functions usually entrusted to prosecutorial mechanisms.

中文翻译：

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从“是”到“应该”：联合国调查机制规范能力的发展

摘要

本文分析了69个调查机制（包括联合国调查委员会，实况调查团和独立调查机制）在1963年至2020年之间建立并赋予其的规范性权力。该研究基于作者收集的数据集，包括其所有任务规定（78）和报告（121），本文介绍了一个分析框架，并用它来（i）确定赋予调查机制的特定规范权力，（ii）这些权力在1963年至2020年之间的演变和主要步骤变化，以及（iii）它们在实际实践中在诸如使用术语（非国家行为者侵犯/滥用人权），确定举证标准，确定主要规范的特征，制定综合问责战略，以及通常委托给检察机关的职能内部化。