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Glutathione and calcium biomineralization of mulberry ( Morus alba L.) involved in the heavy metal detoxification of lead-contaminated soil
Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s42729-021-00431-1
Lei Wang , Gengsheng Ji

This study intended to investigate the responses of glutathione (GSH) metabolism and calcium (Ca) secretion in mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves under different levels of Pb contaminated soil and their correlations with leaf Pb ion accumulations. Using a greenhouse experiment, we measured the growth, Pb and calcium contents, glutathione metabolism, and leaf morphology traits of mulberry seedlings under four soil Pb levels. Mulberry exhibited a considerable adaptability to soil Pb, and no significant decrease in biomass was observed across the various soil Pb treatments. The glutathione metabolism of mulberry was related to the soil Pb, and the relative expression level of the glutathione synthetase gene was sensitive to the presence of Pb ions. The Pb ions absorbed by mulberry accumulated primarily in the roots, and only under heavy Pb concentrations (800 mg kg−1) would Pb ions be significantly transferred to leaves. The cystoliths excreted from leaves might not play a role in the detoxification of Pb; however, soil resident Pb affected cystolith development patterns and associated calcium regulation. Calcium oxalate crystals may directly participate in the Pb detoxification process in leaves, particularly under severe soil Pb stress. Under extreme soil Pb treatments, the mulberry leaves thickened, while epidermal cells and veins increased to facilitate the transport of Pb ions to the aerial organs. Mulberry can acclimatize to severely Pb-contaminated soil by enhancing glutathione metabolism, adjusting leaf morphologies, and enhancing calcium oxalate crystal excretion. The excretion of Pb-Ca oxalate complexes might serve as detoxification for Pb-contaminated soils.



中文翻译:

桑ath中谷胱甘肽和钙的生物矿化作用对铅污染土壤的重金属解毒作用

这项研究旨在调查桑树(Morus alba)中谷胱甘肽(GSH)代谢和钙(Ca)分泌的反应L.)叶片在不同水平的Pb污染土壤下及其与叶片Pb离子累积的关系。使用温室试验,我们在四种土壤Pb水平下测量了桑树幼苗的生长,Pb和钙含量,谷胱甘肽代谢和叶片形态特征。桑树对土壤铅表现出相当大的适应性,并且在各种土壤铅处理过程中均未观察到生物量的显着下降。桑的谷胱甘肽代谢与土壤铅有关,谷胱甘肽合成酶基因的相对表达水平对铅离子的存在敏感。桑树吸收的Pb离子主要在根部积累,并且仅在高Pb浓度(800 mg kg -1)会导致Pb离子显着转移到叶片上。从叶片中排出的胞囊藻可能对Pb的解毒没有作用。然而,土壤中的居民铅影响了囊藻的发育模式和钙的调节。草酸钙晶体可能直接参与叶子中的Pb解毒过程,特别是在严重的Pb胁迫下。在极端的土壤Pb处理下,桑叶变厚,而表皮细胞和静脉增加,以促进Pb离子向空中器官的运输。桑树可以通过增强谷胱甘肽的代谢,调节叶片的形态以及增强草酸钙晶体的排泄来适应严重被Pb污染的土壤。Pb-Ca草酸盐复合物的排泄物可能被Pb污染的土壤排毒。

更新日期:2021-02-04
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