The solar atmosphere is full of complicated transients manifesting the reconfiguration of solar magnetic field and plasma. Solar jets represent collimated, beam-like plasma ejections; they are ubiquitous in the solar atmosphere and important for the understanding of solar activities at different scales, magnetic reconnection process, particle acceleration, coronal heating, solar wind acceleration, as well as other related phenomena. Recent high spatiotemporal resolution, wide-temperature coverage, spectroscopic, and stereoscopic observations taken by ground-based and space-borne solar telescopes have revealed many valuable new clues to restrict the development of theoretical models. This review aims at providing the reader with the main observational characteristics of solar jets, physical interpretations and models, as well as unsolved outstanding questions in future studies.

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太阳喷流的观测和建模

太阳大气中充满了复杂的瞬变现象，表现出太阳磁场和等离子体的重新配置。太阳射流代表准直的、光束状的等离子体喷射；它们普遍存在于太阳大气中，对于了解不同尺度的太阳活动、磁重联过程、粒子加速、日冕加热、太阳风加速以及其他相关现象具有重要意义。近年来，地基和星载太阳望远镜的高时空分辨率、宽温度覆盖、光谱和立体观测揭示了许多有价值的新线索，限制了理论模型的发展。本综述旨在为读者提供太阳喷流的主要观测特征、物理解释和模型，