A novel high flux and antifouling thin-film nanocomposite (TFnC) forward osmosis (FO) membrane containing silica (SiO₂) nanoparticles was fabricated using a facile electrospinning technique followed by interfacial polymerization on the surface of an electrospun nanofiber mat. Both the electrospun nylon-6 (N6) substrate and the polyamide (PA) active layer contained superhydrophilic SiO₂ nanoparticles enhancing the hydrophilicity of the fabricated FO membrane. The electrospun N6/SiO₂-supported TFnC FO membrane with a PA/SiO₂ composite active layer was robust (tensile strength of 24.1 MPa) with a water contact angle of 14°. The membrane exhibited a high water flux (27.1 LMH) with a low specific reverse salt flux (5.9 × 10^–3 mol L^–1) at draw solution concentration of 1 M NaCl at 24 °C. The fabricated membrane also showed antifouling propensities for model foulants of sodium alginate and calcium sulfate. After fouling and cleaning operations, the flux recoveries were 98% and 94% (of the initial water flux) for the membranes fouled with sodium alginate and calcium sulfate, respectively. Moreover, a strong interaction between the active layer and the substrate highlighted the structural stability of the fabricated TFnC membrane.

中文翻译：

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高通量和防污薄膜纳米复合正渗透膜，具有纳米二氧化硅颗粒

新型的高通量和防污薄膜纳米复合材料（TFnC）含二氧化硅（SiO ₂）纳米粒子的正渗透（FO）膜是使用一种简便的静电纺丝技术，然后在电纺纳米纤维毡的表面上进行界面聚合来制备的。电纺尼龙6（N6）基材和聚酰胺（PA）活性层均包含超亲水性SiO ₂纳米颗粒，从而增强了制成的FO膜的亲水性。具有PA / SiO ₂复合活性层的电纺N6 / SiO ₂支撑的TFnC FO膜坚固耐用（抗张强度为24.1 MPa），水接触角为14°。膜的水通量高（27.1 LMH），反比盐通量低（5.9×10 ^–3）mol L ^–1）在24°C下的1 M NaCl汲取溶液浓度下。制成的膜还显示出藻酸钠和硫酸钙模型污垢的防污倾向。经过结垢和清洁操作后，藻酸钠和硫酸钙结垢的膜的通量回收率分别为（初始水通量的）98％和94％。而且，活性层和基底之间的强相互作用突出了所制造的TFnC膜的结构稳定性。