To investigate the evolutionary mechanisms of coal mine safety systems, and to improve the level of system safety, this paper introduces a new method of assessing and managing the system safety of coal mines. A multi-agent modeling and simulation method is used to construct a dynamic evolutionary model of a coal mine safety system based on complex adaptive system theory. The NetLogo platform is used to design experiments that dynamically simulate the interactions between leaders, managers, and operators under different conditions, and to assess their impact on system safety. The results reveal that the influence of each agent on system safety is different, and safety leadership, safety management, behavioral safety, and environmental suitability all directly or indirectly affect system safety. Among these factors, the safety management level and operators’ behavioral safety level exert the strongest influence on system safety. Therefore, in the specific implementation of safety management, coal mine enterprises should adjust and control these attributes to reduce accidents and improve system safety.

为了研究煤矿安全系统的演化机制，提高煤矿安全水平，提出了一种评估和管理煤矿系统安全的新方法。基于复杂自适应系统理论，采用多主体建模与仿真方法构建煤矿安全系统动态演化模型。NetLogo平台用于设计实验，以动态模拟领导者，经理和操作员在不同条件下的交互，并评估其对系统安全性的影响。结果表明，每个代理对系统安全的影响是不同的，安全领导，安全管理，行为安全和环境适应性都直接或间接影响系统安全。在这些因素中，安全管理水平和操作员的行为安全水平对系统安全的影响最大。因此，在安全管理的具体实施中，煤矿企业应调整和控制这些属性，以减少事故发生，提高系统安全性。