People feel the sense of ‘joint agency’, which is the sense that ‘we’ did it, during a mutually cooperative action. Previous studies have reported that the inter-brain synchronization occurs during a mutually cooperative action, nevertheless the neural correlates of the sense of joint agency remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether the sense of joint agency reflects the inter-brain synchronization during a joint action. The pairs of participants engaged in constant rhythm tapping tasks with alternative (turn-taking) or sequential (non-turn-taking) coordination. Electroencephalograms (EEGs) of the participant pair during the tasks were simultaneously measured (hyperscanned), and the participants were subsequently asked to rate the sense of joint agency. The results showed that the participants felt strong sense of joint agency in the turn-taking cooperative actions, but not in the non-turn-taking actions. Moreover, EEG theta (4–7 Hz) oscillations were more synchronized between the frontal region in the leader, who tapped the first, and the right temporo-parietal region in the follower, who tapped following the leader, during the turn-taking cooperative actions than during the non-turn-taking cooperative actions. Furthermore, the degree of inter-brain synchronization was significantly correlated with the sense of joint agency, as well as the temporal accuracy of the tapping actions of the pair. These results indicate that the sense of joint agency strongly reflects the inter-brain synchronization, which depends on the quality of mutual cooperation during a joint action.

在相互合作的过程中，人们感觉到“联合代理”的感觉，即“我们”做到了。先前的研究报告说，大脑之间的同步发生在相互合作的过程中，但是仍然不清楚关节活动感的神经相关性。在这里，我们调查了联合行动的意识是否反映了联合行动中的大脑间同步。成对的参与者通过交替（转弯）或顺序（非转弯）协调来进行恒定的节奏拍打任务。同时测量（超扫描）任务期间参与者对的脑电图（EEG），随后要求参与者评估联合代理的感觉。结果表明，参与者在轮流采取的合作行动中具有强烈的联合代理意识，而在非轮流采取的行动中则没有。此外，在转弯合作期间，EEG theta（4–7 Hz）振动在首位先击的领导者的正面区域与跟随首位的跟随者的右颞顶区域之间更同步。行动要比非回旋期间的合作行动好。此外，大脑之间的同步程度与关节活动的感觉以及该对敲击动作的时间准确性显着相关。这些结果表明，联合代理的意识强烈反映了大脑之间的同步，这取决于联合行动期间相互合作的质量。但不采取非转弯行动。此外，在转弯合作期间，EEG theta（4–7 Hz）振动在首位先击的领导者的正面区域与跟随首位的跟随者的右颞顶区域之间更同步。行动要比非回旋期间的合作行动好。此外，大脑之间的同步程度与关节活动的感觉以及该对敲击动作的时间准确性显着相关。这些结果表明，联合代理的意识强烈反映了大脑之间的同步，这取决于联合行动期间相互合作的质量。但不采取非转弯行动。此外，在转弯合作期间，EEG theta（4–7 Hz）振动在首位先击的领导者的正面区域与跟随首位的跟随者的右颞顶区域之间更同步。行动要比非回旋期间的合作行动好。此外，大脑之间的同步程度与关节活动的感觉以及该对敲击动作的时间准确性显着相关。这些结果表明，联合代理的意识强烈反映了大脑之间的同步，这取决于联合行动期间相互合作的质量。谁在轮流采取的合作行动中比在不轮流采取的合作行动中利用了跟随者的第一个，以及跟随领导者的正确的颞顶区域。此外，大脑之间的同步程度与关节活动的感觉以及该对敲击动作的时间准确性显着相关。这些结果表明，联合代理的意识强烈反映了大脑之间的同步，这取决于联合行动中相互合作的质量。谁在轮流采取的合作行动中比在不轮流采取的合作行动中利用了跟随者的第一个，以及跟随领导者的正确的颞顶区域。此外，大脑之间的同步程度与关节活动的感觉以及该对敲击动作的时间准确性显着相关。这些结果表明，联合代理的意识强烈反映了大脑之间的同步，这取决于联合行动期间相互合作的质量。脑间同步的程度与关节活动的感觉以及该对敲击动作的时间准确性显着相关。这些结果表明，联合代理的意识强烈反映了大脑之间的同步，这取决于联合行动期间相互合作的质量。脑间同步的程度与关节活动的感觉以及该对敲击动作的时间准确性显着相关。这些结果表明，联合代理的意识强烈反映了大脑之间的同步，这取决于联合行动期间相互合作的质量。