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Processing of laser altimeter time-of-flight measurements to geodetic coordinates
Journal of Geodesy ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s00190-020-01467-4
Haifeng Xiao , Alexander Stark , Gregor Steinbrügge , Hauke Hussmann , Jürgen Oberst

Laser altimeters are commonly used in planetary research for their high geodetic accuracy. A key procedure in processing of laser altimeter data is the geolocation. In this process, the time-of-flight measurements are converted to coordinates of laser pulse footprints on the surface of the target body. Here, we present a consistent and systematic formulation of three commonly used geolocation models with increasing complexity: static model, spacecraft motion model, pointing aberration model and special relativity model. We show that for small velocities of the spacecraft relative to the target the special relativity model can be reduced to the pointing aberration model without significant loss in the geolocation accuracy. We then discuss the respective accuracies of the proposed models and apply them to time-of-flight measurements from the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) onboard the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) spacecraft and the Mercury Laser Altimeter (MLA) onboard the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry and Ranging spacecraft (MESSENGER). While, the archived datasets had not considered the effect of pointing aberration, we demonstrate that a correction due to pointing aberration makes insignificant improvements of 4–5 m laterally and up to ± 3 cm radially for MOLA profiles, these figures enormously increase to up to about 150 m laterally and ± 25 m radially when applied to the MLA orbital profiles.



中文翻译:

激光测高仪飞行时间测量到大地坐标的处理

激光测高仪因其大地测量精度高而常用于行星研究。激光高度计数据处理中的关键过程是地理位置。在此过程中,飞行时间的测量值将转换为目标身体表面上的激光脉冲足迹的坐标。在这里,我们给出了三种常用的地理位置模型的一致性和系统性的表述,其复杂度不断增加:静态模型,航天器运动模型,指向像差模型和相对论模型。我们表明,对于航天器相对于目标的较小速度,可以将相对论模型简化为指向像差模型,而不会显着降低地理位置精度。然后,我们讨论拟议模型的各自精度,并将其应用于飞行时间测量,包括火星全球测量师(MGS)航天器上的火星轨道激光测高仪(MOLA)和水星表面上的水银激光测高仪(MLA) ,太空环境,地球化学和测距航天器(MESSENGER)。虽然存档的数据集未考虑指向像差的影响,但我们证明,由于指向像差导致的校正对MOLA轮廓进行了4-5 m的横向改善和径向上的最大±3 cm的微不足道的改善,这些数字极大地提高到了当应用于MLA轨道剖面时,横向约150 m,径向约±25 m。太空环境,地球化学和测距飞船(MESSENGER)。虽然存档的数据集未考虑指向像差的影响,但我们证明,由于指向像差导致的校正对MOLA轮廓进行了4-5 m的横向改善和径向上的最大±3 cm的微不足道的改善,这些数字极大地提高到了当应用于MLA轨道剖面时,横向约150 m,径向约±25 m。太空环境,地球化学和测距飞船(MESSENGER)。虽然存档的数据集未考虑指向像差的影响,但我们证明,由于指向像差导致的校正对MOLA轮廓进行了4-5 m的横向改善和径向上的最大±3 cm的微不足道的改善,这些数字极大地提高到了当应用于MLA轨道剖面时,横向约150 m,径向约±25 m。

更新日期:2021-02-03
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