Purpose of Review

This article will review current evidence related to the use of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant for regional anesthesia.

Recent Findings

Adjuvants, frequently used during regional anesthesia, act synergistically with local anesthetics thus enhancing the quality of regional anesthesia while minimizing adverse effects. These adjuvants may be administered via different routes including topical, perineural, neuraxial, and systemic.

Summary

Recent studies indicate that dexmedetomidine prolongs the duration of intravenous regional anesthesia, peripheral nerve blocks, and spinal analgesia. Controversy regarding potential neurotoxicity of perineural dexmedetomidine in patients with diabetic neuropathy requires further evaluation.

中文翻译：

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右美托咪定作为区域麻醉神经阻滞的辅助剂

审查目的

本文将回顾与使用右美托咪定作为局部麻醉辅助剂相关的当前证据。

最近的发现

在区域麻醉中经常使用的佐剂与局部麻醉剂协同作用，从而提高区域麻醉的质量，同时最大限度地减少副作用。这些佐剂可以通过不同途径给药，包括局部、神经周围、神经轴和全身。

概括

最近的研究表明，右美托咪定会延长静脉区域麻醉、周围神经阻滞和脊髓镇痛的持续时间。关于神经周围右美托咪定对糖尿病神经病变患者的潜在神经毒性的争议需要进一步评估。