This article considers how the development of for-profit artificial intelligence (AI) technologies fosters the privatization of public education and erodes the values and practices of democratic education. The introduction situates the advent of digital technologies in the context of the structural economic and ideological shifts of the past 40 years. Such changes include neo-liberal restructuring, the repressive school and social turn, changes in the use of positivist ideology in schooling, the role of new technologies in social and cultural reproduction and changing imperatives for capital accumulation. The article illustrates different uses of AI as part of the technological turn of public education privatization. Examples include: (1) adaptive learning technology, and transformations to teacher work and conceptions of knowledge and learning; (2) biometric pedagogy and the cultural politics of locating learning in the body; and (3) the convergence of impact investing and digital surveillance technologies. The article considers how changes in the ownership and control over different aspects of public education relate to the cultural politics of knowledge and learning. It also examines how, under the guise of disinterested objectivity and neutrality, particular class and cultural ideologies and interests are promoted through new technologies, with significant pedagogical, cultural, economic and political implications. The article concludes by arguing that AI education is a site of cultural and political contestation and must be comprehended as a form of representational politics. By showing a critical pedagogical AI project, the article suggests that the anti-democratic tendencies of most AI education is hardly inevitable or determined, but rather represents a replication of long-standing ideologies.

中文翻译：

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人工智能与公共教育私有化的技术转向：捍卫民主教育

本文考虑了营利性人工智能 (AI) 技术的发展如何促进公共教育的私有化并侵蚀民主教育的价值观和实践。引言将数字技术的出现置于过去 40 年结构性经济和意识形态转变的背景下。这些变化包括新自由主义的重组、压制性的学校和社会转向、在学校教育中使用实证主义意识形态的变化、新技术在社会和文化再生产中的作用以及资本积累需求的变化。本文阐述了人工智能在公共教育私有化技术转向中的不同用途。例子包括：（1）适应性学习技术，以及教师工作和知识与学习观念的转变；(2) 生物识别教学法和将学习定位于身体的文化政治；(3) 影响力投资和数字监控技术的融合。本文考虑了公共教育不同方面的所有权和控制权的变化如何与知识和学习的文化政治相关。它还研究了如何在无私的客观性和中立性的幌子下，通过新技术促进特定的阶级和文化意识形态和利益，具有重大的教学、文化、经济和政治意义。文章最后认为人工智能教育是一个文化和政治争论的场所，必须被理解为一种代表性的政治形式。通过展示一个重要的教学 AI 项目，