The plural of Brazilian Portuguese [w]-final nouns includes an alternation with [j], but the change is partially blocked in monosyllables and following a tense vowel (Becker et al. 2017). In this paper, we present a nonce word study with 115 children ages 7–13 and 43 adults, all participants from the state of Sao Paulo, showing that blocking in monosyllables is acquired earlier than blocking by tense vowels. We claim that sensitivity to monosyllabicity and vowel tenseness are both due to universal phonological pressures, but the effect of vowel tenseness is learned more slowly because it is limited to the plural morphology in this language. Our results from nonce words are convergent with evidence from innovative plurals and loanword adaptation, showing the primacy of phonological factors over history, orthography, and lexical frequency when it comes to alternations and their acquisition.

中文翻译：

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巴西葡萄牙语[w]-最终复数的获取路径

巴西葡萄牙语[w] -final名词的复数形式包含与[j]的替换，但该变化在单音节和紧接着的元音之后被部分阻止（Becker等人，2017年）。在本文中，我们对115名7-13岁的儿童和43名成人进行了随机数词研究，所有参与者均来自圣保罗州，这表明单音节中的音调比时态元音的音调更早获得。我们声称对单音节性和元音紧张的敏感性都是由于普遍的语音压力，但是元音紧张的影响被学习得更慢，因为它局限于该语言中的复数形态。我们从随机数词中得出的结果与创新复数形式和外来词改编的证据相吻合，表明语音因素在历史，拼字法，