This article explores how the notion of happiness is employed in order to obscure the moral ambiguity and intimate uncertainties of commercial surrogacy. My ethnographic data elucidate the ways in which surrogacy agents and other intermediaries operating in Russia and Ukraine evoke happiness. I discuss three forms of their affective labour: a discourse of fear and hope, the attempt to make surrogacy a joyous and happy process and the claim that there is a right to happiness. I contend that ‘happiness’ serves as the ultimate argument, an argument that has the affective power to override moral concerns and that delegitimise critique.

中文翻译：

---

终极论据

本文探讨了如何使用幸福的概念来掩盖商业代孕的道德模糊性和亲密不确定性。我的民族志数据阐明了在俄罗斯和乌克兰运作的代孕代理人和其他中介如何唤起幸福。我讨论了他们情感劳动的三种形式：恐惧和希望的话语，试图使代孕成为一个快乐和幸福的过程，以及声称有幸福的权利。我认为“幸福”是最终的论点，这种论点具有超越道德关注和非法化批判的情感力量。