Analysis of record achievements in athletics has almost a century of history. The leading method during the study was the ergometric measurement method. Ergometric analysis of the results was performed proceeding from the relationship between the length of the distance and the limit time to overcome it. Analysis of record curves at different running distances was performed on the basis of the technique proposed by N.I. Volkov. To analyse the growth of record achievements, we also applied the logarithmic transformation of exponential dependence. Ergometric analysis of record curves displayed that with each new exponential spike in the improvement of results, an increase in the endurance coefficient is noted. It was established that athletes who train to overcome long running distances have better ergometric indicators characterizing aerobic performance: they are characterized by a higher coefficient of "critical speed" and a less pronounced decrease in the curve of the dependence "speed – time". And middle-distance athletes were characterized by large values of power factor, which gives clear advantages upon performing intense muscular work. The data obtained by us in the analysis of record achievements in short distances and the forecast of records for these distances allowed to distinguish four stages throughout the history of record achievements in athletics, within each of which occurred a radical reorganization of the training methodology used.

中文翻译：

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跑步世界纪录：测力分析的经验

分析田径成绩的记录已有近百年的历史。研究期间的主要方法是测力测量方法。从距离长度与克服距离的限制时间之间的关系出发，对结果进行了人体工程学分析。在NI Volkov提出的技术的基础上，对不同跑步距离的记录曲线进行了分析。为了分析记录成就的增长，我们还应用了指数依赖的对数变换。记录曲线的人体工程学分析表明，随着结果改善的每个新指数峰值，耐力系数都会增加。已经确定，为克服长跑而进行训练的运动员具有更好的有氧运动表现特征：他们的特征是“临界速度”系数更高，而“速度 - 时间”依赖性曲线的下降幅度较小。而中距离运动员的特点是功率因数大，这在进行高强度肌肉锻炼时具有明显的优势。我们在分析短距离记录成就和预测这些距离记录时获得的数据允许区分田径运动记录成就历史上的四个阶段，在每个阶段中都发生了所使用的训练方法的彻底重组。并且“速度 - 时间”依赖性曲线的下降不太明显。而中距离运动员的特点是功率因数大，这在进行高强度肌肉锻炼时具有明显的优势。我们在分析短距离记录成就和预测这些距离记录时获得的数据可以区分田径运动记录成就历史上的四个阶段，在每个阶段中都发生了所使用的训练方法的彻底重组。并且“速度 - 时间”依赖性曲线的下降不太明显。而中距离运动员的特点是功率因数大，这在进行高强度肌肉锻炼时具有明显的优势。我们在分析短距离记录成就和预测这些距离记录时获得的数据可以区分田径运动记录成就历史上的四个阶段，在每个阶段中都发生了所使用的训练方法的彻底重组。