In this paper I have tried to reconstruct the pattern of development at the early historic settlement of Banavasi, Karnataka. Karnataka has been broadly divided between forested Malnad and Maidan which is relatively more open and flat. The settlement of Banavasi lies in Malnad. Malnad has good drainage and enjoys cool climatic conditions. It is well-known for the cultivation of cash crops such as cashew, pepper, cardamom and cinnamon. Cool climate and heavy rains have resulted in a thick forest cover. Forests have given valuable products such as Teak, Ebony, Bamboo, Sandalwood, etc. Further, Malnad enjoys the benefit of having metals and minerals. The author has tried to explain that favourable climate and natural resources were the major factors responsible for rich habitation and over-all prosperity. This prosperity was manifested by rich archaeological assemblage that included structures, pottery, beads, terracottas, sculptures, coins, inscriptions, etc. The aim of this paper has been to have a comprehensive understanding of the socio-political and economic development and to contextualize it in relation to the local geographical setting. The main engagement has been with the basic issues concerning subsistence of the settlement, the early beginnings of social stratification and ruling authority and the contemporary religious beliefs. The principal concern of the author is to understand the patterns about human lifeways as indicated by the material remains of the period.

中文翻译：

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卡纳塔克邦的早期历史物质文化，特别是印度北卡纳拉的巴纳瓦西

在本文中，我试图重建卡纳塔克邦Banavasi早期历史住区的发展模式。卡纳塔克邦大致分为森林茂密的马尔纳德市和迈丹市，后者相对开放和平坦。Banavasi的定居点位于马尔纳德。马尔纳德排水良好，气候凉爽。它以种植腰果，胡椒，豆蔻和肉桂等经济作物而闻名。凉爽的气候和大雨导致森林茂密。森林提供了柚木，乌木，竹子，檀香等有价值的产品。此外，马尔纳德还享有拥有金属和矿物质的好处。作者试图解释，有利的气候和自然资源是造成丰富的栖息地和总体繁荣的主要因素。这种繁荣体现在丰富的考古学组合中，包括结构，陶器，珠子，兵马俑，雕塑，硬币，题字等。本文的目的是对社会政治和经济发展有一个全面的了解，并对其进行背景化与当地地理环境有关。主要的参与是关于定居点的生存，社会分层和统治权威的早期开始以及当代宗教信仰的基本问题。作者主要关心的是理解该时期的遗骸所表明的关于人类生活方式的模式。本文的目的是全面了解社会政治和经济发展，并将其与当地地理环境相关联。主要的参与是关于定居点的生存，社会分层和统治权威的早期开始以及当代宗教信仰的基本问题。作者主要关心的是理解该时期的遗骸所表明的关于人类生活方式的模式。本文的目的是全面了解社会政治和经济发展，并将其与当地地理环境相关联。主要的参与是关于定居点的生存，社会分层和统治权威的早期开始以及当代宗教信仰的基本问题。作者主要关心的是理解该时期的遗骸所表明的关于人类生活方式的模式。