This study investigated the role of using unplugged computing activities on developing computational thinking (CT) skills of 6th-grade students. The unplugged computing classroom activities were based on the Bebras challenge, an international contest that aims to promote CT and informatics among school students of all ages. Participants of the study were fifty-three 6thgrade students from two public middle schools in Istanbul. The unplugged computing activities involved the tasks with three different difficulty levels covering the CT processes found to be common in CT definitions in the literature. To evaluate students’ CT skills, two equivalent tests were constructed from Bebras tasks considering the same parameters (difficulty levels and CT processes). The results showed that students’ post-test scores were significantly higher than their pre-test scores. There were not any significant differences between students’ scores in terms of gender, and there was no interaction effect between students’ CT scores and their gender.

中文翻译：

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利用不插电的计算活动发展中学生的计算思维能力

这项研究调查了使用插拔式计算活动对发展六年级学生的计算思维（CT）技能的作用。不插电的计算机课堂活动是基于Bebras挑战赛的，这是一项国际竞赛，旨在促进各个年龄段的学生的CT和信息学。这项研究的参与者是伊斯坦布尔两所公立中学的53名6年级学生。未插拔的计算活动涉及具有三个不同难度级别的任务，涵盖了文献中CT定义中常见的CT过程。为了评估学生的CT技能，从Bebras任务中构造了两个等效测试，并考虑了相同的参数（难度级别和CT过程）。结果表明，学生的测验分数明显高于测验分数。在性别方面，学生分数之间没有显着差异，并且在学生的CT分数和性别之间没有交互作用。