Recognition of the importance of biodiversity for global food security and the community food sustainability movement has helped increase awareness of seed rights. International treaties created to ensure the world’s access to seed biodiversity address access to seed banks for breeding purposes. Ethnobotanists are often required to deposit research plant specimens with government seed banks or herbariums. If Indigenous Peoples’ plants are then used developing patented varieties, are their rights recognized? These rights depend upon recognition of Indigenous Peoples as plant breeders, prior informed consent (PIC) protocols, access and benefit sharing (ABS) agreements via material transfer agreements, and benefits returned to Indigenous and local communities per the Nagoya Protocol. To ensure such rights to genetic material and associated intellectual property rights, documentation of these agreements and links to the people and communities from which they originated needs to occur at first collection and throughout subsequent research, conservation, and breeding programs.

中文翻译：

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民族植物学研究中对土著人民种子权的保护

认识到生物多样性对全球粮食安全和社区粮食可持续性运动的重要性，有助于提高对种子权的认识。为确保世界范围内获得种子生物多样性而建立的国际条约涉及为育种目的而获得种子库的问题。民族植物学家通常需要将研究植物标本存放在政府种子库或植物标本室中。如果随后使用土著人民的植物开发专利品种，他们的权利是否得到承认？这些权利取决于承认土著人民为植物育种者，事先知情同意（PIC）协议，通过材料转让协议获得获取和惠益分享（ABS）协议以及根据《名古屋议定书》返还给土著和地方社区的利益。