Wage coordination plays an important role in macroeconomic stabilization. Pattern wage bargaining systems have been common in Europe, but in different forms, and with different degrees of success in terms of actual coordination reached. We focus on wage formation in Norway, a small open economy, where it is custom to regard the manufacturing industry as the wage leader. We estimate a model of wage formation in manufacturing and in two other sectors. Deciding cointegration rank is an important step in the analysis, economically as well statistically. In combination with simultaneous equation modelling, the cointegration analysis provides evidence that collective wage negotiations in manufacturing have defined wage norms for the rest of the economy over the period 1980(1)–2014(4).

中文翻译：

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挪威工资-价格动态中的协整和结构

工资协调在宏观经济稳定中起着重要作用。模式工资谈判制度在欧洲很普遍，但形式不同，在实际协调方面取得了不同程度的成功。我们专注于小型开放经济体挪威的工资形成，习惯上将制造业视为工资领导者。我们估计了制造业和其他两个行业的工资形成模型。从经济上和统计上，确定协整等级都是分析中的重要步骤。结合联立方程模型，协整分析提供了证据，表明制造业中的集体工资谈判已为1980（1）-2014（4）期间其他经济体定义了工资规范。