Although attention has been given to the measures used to respond to risk in the construction industry (CI), there is limited literature that scrutinizes underlying structures of risk response measures (RRMs) especially among small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This study, therefore, presents findings from an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) of RRMs. A positivist paradigm was adopted to collect empirical raw data from 181 conveniently sampled respondents in Gauteng, South Africa (SA), using a structured questionnaire. The results support the extant literature and empirically established the structural composition of risk response by two constructs. The construct with emerged measures was termed trailing measures while the one with popular measures was termed leading measures of risk response. However, the study yielded a two-factor model with all the six items supposed to measure risk response. Based on the results obtained, it seems that risk avoidance and risk mitigation are reliable measures for measuring risk response. This study could thus serve as a reference for the accurate measurement of risk response and for the development of agreed responses for each risk, including an appropriate strategy and specific responses to implement the chosen strategy. The study was limited to the CI and to a lesser extent, construction SMEs in Gauteng; hence the findings cannot be generalized to all SMEs in SA.

中文翻译：

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南非中小型承包商中风险应对措施的基础结构

尽管已经关注了用于应对建筑业（CI）中风险的措施，但是很少有文献详细研究风险应对措施（RRM）的基础结构，尤其是中小型企业（SME）。因此，本研究提出了RRM的探索性因素分析（EFA）的发现。采取实证主义范式，使用结构化问卷从南非豪登省（SA）的181位方便抽样的受访者中收集经验原始数据。结果支持现有文献，并通过两种结构从经验上确定了风险应对的结构组成。具有出现措施的构造被称为尾随措施，而具有流行措施的构造被称为风险应对的领先措施。然而，该研究产生了一个两因素模型，所有六个项目都应用于衡量风险应对。根据获得的结果，似乎规避风险和减轻风险是衡量风险应对措施的可靠措施。因此，该研究可以为准确评估风险应对措施以及为每种风险制定商定的应对措施提供参考，包括适当的策略和实施所选策略的具体应对措施。该研究仅限于CI和豪登省的建筑中小型企业。因此，调查结果不能推广到南非的所有中小企业。因此，该研究可以为准确评估风险应对措施以及为每种风险制定商定的应对措施提供参考，包括适当的策略和实施所选策略的具体应对措施。该研究仅限于CI和豪登省的建筑中小型企业。因此，调查结果不能推广到南非的所有中小企业。因此，该研究可以为准确评估风险应对措施以及为每种风险制定商定的应对措施提供参考，包括适当的策略和实施所选策略的具体应对措施。该研究仅限于CI和豪登省的建筑中小型企业。因此，调查结果不能推广到南非的所有中小企业。