This article examines the problem of understanding historical responsibility in the context of historical perspective. The author questions what makes responsibility historical, in which ways responsibility can be written into a chronology and how the meaning of responsibility should be understood. Based on Agamben’s reconsideration of Pilate’s trial of Jesus, an analysis of the origins of contemporary dualism in understanding the responsibility of the metaphysical perspective of an unchanging semantic value and the variability of the requirements of contingent situations for the execution of an act is carried out. In addition, the article examines the relationship of responsibility for the past (primarily constituted through the prism of guilt and memory) and responsibility for the future as viewed in an instrumentalist vein and in the context of messianism. Historical responsibility can be conceptualised on the basis of an ontological approach to understanding responsibility (Heidegger, Levinas, Derrida, Nancy), according to which the connections of responsibility are not limited to imputations of obligations to recognise guilt, but rely on the fundamental basis of human activity. With this method of consideration, the historicity of responsibility does not lie in the localisation of certain events on time intervals, but rather is seen as the unfolding of the meaning of human deeds, thanks to which people, actions, intentions and ideas are organised into a single historical perspective. Historical relationships of responsibility are not limited by the time, space or social status of people, but are tied by the finitude of the existence of those whom they bind.

中文翻译：

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历史责任，历史视角

本文探讨了在历史视角下理解历史责任的问题。作者质疑使责任成为历史的原因，以何种方式将责任写入年表，以及如何理解责任的含义。基于阿甘本对彼拉多对耶稣审判的重新考虑，对当代二元论的起源进行了分析，以理解语义价值不变的形而上学观点的责任以及偶然条件对执行一个行为的要求的可变性。此外，本文从工具主义的角度和弥赛亚主义的角度考察了对过去的责任（主要是由内和记忆的棱镜构成）与对未来的责任之间的关系。历史责任可以基于了解责任的本体论方法（海德格尔，列维纳斯，德里达，南希）进行概念化，根据这种方法，责任的联系不仅限于承认罪责的义务，而且还取决于责任的基本依据。人类活动。通过这种考虑方法，责任的历史性并不在于某些事件在时间间隔上的定位，而是被视为人类行为意义的展现，这要归功于人们，行动，意图和思想被组织成一个单一的历史视角。责任的历史关系不受人的时间，空间或社会地位的限制，但受束缚者存在的有限性的束缚。