Although Italian artistic influence never supplanted England’s longstanding and ongoing artistic relations with France and the Netherlands, in the era of Henry VIII (ruled 1509–1547) it became a significant element within it, partly for political reasons. In recent years, research on this subject has been active, revealing many connections between visual developments in England and Italy in a wide range of contexts. This article explores recent work on these complex intersections from the beginnings of the Tudor period to the early 1540s. Four key themes are discussed: Italian influences mediated through France and the Netherlands; the impact of the circulation of images in the era of print technology; Italian artists who worked in England; and the role of merchants. Through this survey, the article explains how standard work has been challenged and redirected on areas such as classicism; the importance of particular materials, objects, motifs, and techniques; the status of Italian artists who worked in England; and the sophistication of their English patrons. The article ends by noting how recent work on Italian merchants as mediators of Italian art and artists in England is aligning this area with the broader recent interest in the economics of art.

中文翻译：

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文艺复兴时期的十字路口：意大利艺术与早期都铎王朝的视觉体验

尽管意大利的艺术影响力从未取代英格兰与法国和荷兰的长期和持续的艺术关系，但在亨利八世（1509-1547 年在位）时代，它成为其中的重要元素，部分原因是出于政治原因。近年来，对这个主题的研究一直很活跃，揭示了英格兰和意大利在广泛背景下视觉发展之间的许多联系。本文探讨了从都铎王朝初期到 1540 年代初期对这些复杂交叉点的最新研究。讨论了四个关键主题： 通过法国和荷兰调解的意大利影响；印刷技术时代图像流通的影响；在英国工作的意大利艺术家；以及商家的作用。通过本次调查，文章解释了标准工作如何在古典主义等领域受到挑战和重新定向；特定材料、物体、图案和技术的重要性；在英国工作的意大利艺术家的地位；以及他们的英国顾客的老练。文章最后指出，最近关于意大利商人作为意大利艺术和英国艺术家的调解人的工作如何使这一领域与最近对艺术经济学的更广泛兴趣保持一致。