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Labour market fluctuations: An RBC model for emerging countries
Central Bank Review Pub Date : 2019-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbrev.2019.11.002
Sevgi Coşkun

Abstract In this paper, we examine the labour market properties of business cycle fluctuations for a group of 15 emerging market economies (EMEs) and the US using annual data from 1970 to 2013. We find that on average, the hours worked and employment volatility (relative to output volatility) are lower, while the volatility of productivity and wages are 2–3 times higher in EMEs compared to the US. We then assess the performance of a standard RBC model and an augmented RBC model with capacity utilization, investment adjustment cost and indivisible labour with temporary and permanent productivity shocks to explain labour market facts observed in the data. We find that these models fail to explain labour market fluctuations in the business cycles of these countries, but the model with investment adjustment cost improves the performance of relative volatility of wages and hours, as well as the cyclicality of hours, compared to the standard RBC model. Lastly, we investigate the cyclical properties of the labour wedge and find that the total labour wedge (relative to output volatility) is more volatile over the business cycle in emerging economies (1.72) compared to the US (0.95). Further, fluctuations in the total labour wedge reflect the ones in the household component rather than the firm component of the wedge in EMEs and the US.

中文翻译:

劳动力市场波动:新兴国家的 RBC 模型

摘要 在本文中,我们使用 1970 年至 2013 年的年度数据,研究了一组 15 个新兴市场经济体 (EME) 和美国的商业周期波动的劳动力市场特性。我们发现,平均而言,工作时间和就业波动 (相对于产出波动)较低,而新兴市场经济体的生产率和工资波动性比美国高 2-3 倍。然后,我们评估标准 RBC 模型和增强 RBC 模型的性能,包括产能利用率、投资调整成本和具有临时和永久生产力冲击的不可分割劳动力,以解释数据中观察到的劳动力市场事实。我们发现这些模型无法解释这些国家商业周期中劳动力市场的波动,但与标准 RBC 模型相比,具有投资调整成本的模型改善了工资和工时的相对波动性以及工时的周期性。最后,我们研究了劳动力楔子的周期性特征,发现与美国 (0.95) 相比,新兴经济体 (1.72) 的总劳动力楔子(相对于产出波动)在整个商业周期中的波动性更大。此外,总劳动力楔形的波动反映了家庭组成部分的波动,而不是新兴市场经济体和美国楔形的企业组成部分。我们调查了劳动力楔子的周期性特性,发现与美国 (0.95) 相比,新兴经济体 (1.72) 的总劳动力楔子(相对于产出波动)在整个商业周期中的波动性更大。此外,总劳动力楔形的波动反映了家庭组成部分的波动,而不是新兴市场经济体和美国楔形的企业组成部分。我们调查了劳动力楔子的周期性特性,发现与美国 (0.95) 相比,新兴经济体 (1.72) 的总劳动力楔子(相对于产出波动)在整个商业周期中的波动性更大。此外,总劳动力楔形的波动反映了家庭组成部分的波动,而不是新兴市场经济体和美国楔形的企业组成部分。
更新日期:2019-12-01
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