Dreyer's English, by Benjamin Dreyer, the Senior Copy Editor for Random House, and Strunk and White's The Elements of Style are two extraordinarily popular and commercially successful guides to English language usage that belong to a genre best described as discursive maps for language as racialized, classed and gendered territory. This review traces the history of these books to the nineteenth century "conversation handbooks" and etiquette guides that became popular in a time of shifting class boundaries Precise prescriptives for behavior and for polite conversation helped the aspirational middle-class groom themselves for genteel company. Many of these guides were published during the Reconstruction Era, and were filled with dispositions toward correct language that communicate a kind of outrage from fear of social, cultural and economic dispossession, a telltale mark of White Supremacy. These dispositions still exist in the rhetoric of both Dreyer and E.B. White and are carried through the structural racism of standardized English into educational spaces. Discourses of meritocracy are found in both the classroom and the global neoliberal workplace where "English has been turned into a product (in all senses of the word)..."Though the promotion of English is presented as a way of expanding one’s multilingual resources, it reduces one’s repertoire, as it is often learned/taught at the cost of local languages” (Canagarajah 13). As Canagarajah sees "multilingual communities [finding] spaces for voice, renegotiation, and resistance” (Translingual Practices 56), so can we make students aware of the gatekeeping and power of English by sharing its historical context.

中文翻译：

---

白人对剥夺的恐惧：德雷尔的英语、风格的要素和英语话语的种族映射

兰登书屋高级文案编辑本杰明·德雷尔 (Benjamin Dreyer) 所著的《德雷尔的英语》和 Strunk 和怀特的《风格元素》是两本非常受欢迎且商业上成功的英语语言使用指南，它们属于一种类型，最好被描述为种族化语言的话语地图，分类和性别的领土。这篇评论将这些书的历史追溯到 19 世纪的“谈话手册”和礼仪指南，这些指南在阶级界限不断变化的时代变得流行。对行为和礼貌谈话的精确规定帮助有抱负的中产阶级为上流社会进行自我修饰。这些指南中有许多是在重建时代出版的，充满了对正确语言的倾向，传达了一种对社交恐惧的愤怒，文化和经济剥夺，白人至上的明显标志。这些倾向仍然存在于德雷尔和 EB 怀特的言辞中，并通过标准化英语的结构性种族主义进入教育空间。在课堂和全球新自由主义工作场所都可以找到任人唯贤的话语，在那里“英语已经变成了一种产品（在所有意义上）......”尽管英语的推广被认为是扩展多语言资源的一种方式，它减少了一个人的曲目，因为它经常以当地语言为代价来学习/教授”（Canagarajah 13）。正如 Canagarajah 所见，“多语言社区 [寻找] 发声、重新谈判和抵抗的空间”（跨语言实践 56），