Introduction: The aim of the study was to design an 8-week training program for a group of senior women (n=33) aged 71.03±5.9 years, focusing on the development of aerobic endurance capabilities. Subsequently, we compared the results of the program with the one implemented in the same study group two years before. The study deals with the optimization of physical activity programs for elderly women and their effect on the composition of the body. Material and Methods: We monitored changes in the body composition of the elderly women applying the BIA method of bioelectrical impedance, using the In Body 230 device. The Jones & Rose [1] questionnaire was further used to supplement additional information about their current health condition and physical activity. Results: After having implemented the first training program, we observed significant improvement in certain body composition parameters, namely skeletal muscle mass (p≤0.01), body fat (p≤0.01), muscle mass of the right and left upper limbs and the trunk (p≤0.05), and body minerals (p≤0.01). We expected a similar effect after having implemented the second training program designed to develop aerobic abilities. Although in most senior women there were individual improvements in the monitored parameters, the changes did not prove statistical significance. Conclusions: Despite the fact that the second training program focusing on aerobic endurance elicited no statistically significant changes in body composition of the seniors, which we attribute to the regular and long-term sport activity of the study group, we consider both training programs to be optimal for the examined age group.

中文翻译：

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两种不同的培训计划对老年女性身体成分的影响

简介：该研究的目的是为一组年龄为71.03±5.9岁的33岁的高级女性设计一个为期8周的培训计划，重点是提高有氧耐力。随后，我们将该程序的结果与两年前在同一研究组中实施的结果进行了比较。该研究涉及老年妇女体育锻炼计划的优化及其对身体组成的影响。材料和方法：我们使用In Body 230设备，采用BIA生物电阻抗方法监测老年妇女的身体成分变化。Jones＆Rose [1]问卷被进一步用于补充有关其当前健康状况和体育锻炼的其他信息。结果：实施了第一个培训计划后，我们观察到某些身体组成参数的显着改善，即骨骼肌质量（p≤0.01），体脂（p≤0.01），左右上肢和躯干的肌肉质量（p≤0.05）和矿物质（ p≤0.01）。在实施旨在提高有氧能力的第二项训练计划后，我们预期会有类似的效果。尽管在大多数高级妇女中，监测参数都有个别的改善，但变化并未证明具有统计学意义。结论：尽管第二个针对有氧耐力的训练计划并未引起老年人身体组成的统计学显着变化，这归因于研究组的定期和长期体育活动，但我们认为这两个训练计划都是最适合所检查的年龄组。