Nancy Astor was the first woman elected to the House of Commons, in 1919. She succeeded her husband in his Plymouth constituency when he inherited a seat in the House of Lords, so avoided the discrimination which for decades prevented the selection of many women for winnable seats. She was not a suffragist, or, when elected, a feminist, but the hostility of many men, in and out of parliament, to her presence in the Commons stimulated her support for some, though not all, causes for which the women’s movement campaigned. She promoted equal pay, equal work opportunities, custody rights and the equal franchise, among other things, with some success, but was dubious about divorce and birth control due to her faith in Christian Science and its moral strictures. She was passionately anti-war, so like other feminists and pacifists was an ‘appeaser’. She was not a ‘crypto-Nazi’ as she was, and sometimes is, represented. She facilitated contact between women activists and MPs, male and female, and encouraged cross-party co-operation among women MPs. She was a popular and regular public speaker and widened the appeal of many aims of the women’s movement among women who were dubious about feminism. She was a Conservative who never followed the party line and an active promoter of state welfare measures, especially for young children. She was popular in Plymouth and supported her constituents through World War Two, but stood down in 1945 and left politics when Labour was likely to win the seat in the landslide election. Overall, her greatest contribution is that she significantly raised the profile of women in British politics and assisted the very gradual shift to greater gender equality and expansion of state welfare between the wars and through World War Two.

中文翻译：

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南希·阿斯特，《妇女与政治》，1919年至1945年

南希阿斯特是当选为下议院的第一位女性，1919年她成功她的丈夫在他的普利茅斯选区时，他继承了上议院的一个席位，因此避免了数十年预防很多女性的选择了取胜的歧视座位。她不是妇女参政，或在当选后，一个女权主义者，但很多人的敌意，进出议会，她在下议院存在刺激了她一些支持，但不是全部，对这些妇女运动竞选的原因。她提倡同工同酬，同等工作机会，监护权和同等专长，并取得了一些成功，但由于她对基督教科学的信仰及其道德规范，对离婚和节育持怀疑态度。她热情地抗战，因此像其他女权主义者和和平主义者一样，她是一个“情人”。她并不是一个“隐秘的纳粹分子”，尽管她曾经是女性，有时甚至是女性。她促进了女性维权人士与男性议员之间的联系，并鼓励女性议员之间的跨党合作。她是一位经常公开演讲的普通人，在对女权主义存疑的妇女中扩大了妇女运动的许多目标。她是一个从不遵循党派路线的保守党，并且是国家福利措施的积极推动者，尤其是对于年幼的孩子。她在普利茅斯（Plymouth）广受欢迎，并在第二次世界大战期间为选民提供支持，但她在1945年下台，并在工党有可能赢得压倒性选举时离开政坛。总体，